Browsing by Author "Badyal, Dinesh K."

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    Causality assessment and pattern of adverse drug reactions in a tertiary care hospital
    (Medip Academy, 2018-02) Badyal, Dinesh K.; Kanish, Bimal; Gulrez, Gaurav
    Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have become frequent cause for hospitalization and are coming up as an economic burden on health systems. Identification of ADRs and their reporting pattern can provide useful information for their management. Hence, this study was planned to evaluate causality and pattern of ADRs in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The present study was undertaken in a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 200 ADRs reports collected in the ADR monitoring centre were analysed. The WHO definition of an ADR was adopted as well as WHO scale for causality assessment was used. Evaluation of the data was done for various parameters which included drug groups causing ADRs, body systems affected in ADRs, reporters and seriousness of reactions.Results: Overall occurrence of ADRs was slightly more in males (58%). Skin (72%) was the most commonly affected organ system. Antimicrobials (47%) were the drug group most commonly involved in ADRs. The causative drug was withdrawn for the management of the ADR in the majority (86%) of the patients. Upon causality assessment, majority of the ADRs were rated as probable (83.5%). Almost all of the reports were contributed by clinicians (99%).Conclusions: The causality assessment and pattern of ADRs reported in our hospital is comparable with the results of studies conducted in hospital set up elsewhere, although there are few differences. The study results revealed opportunities for interventions in ADR management especially for the preventable ADRs to ensure safer drug use.
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    Efficacy and safety of pregabalin versus amitriptyline in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy
    (Medip Academy, 2018-05) Daniel, Sujit R.; Badyal, Dinesh K.; Jacob, Jubbin J.; Kaur, Jasleen
    Background: Painful diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of long standing diabetes mellitus. Amitriptyline is commonly used to treat painful diabetic neuropathy. Pregabalin has been shown to be effective in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy with lesser adverse effects. Sustained release (SR) of pregabalin has the advantage of once daily dosing and a better patient compliance. Hence, this study was planned to compare the efficacy and safety of pregabalin-SR with amitriptyline in painful diabetic neuropathy.Methods: It is a prospective, open labelled, randomized controlled study. A total of 80 patients diagnosed with painful diabetic neuropathy based on Diabetic neuropathy symptom score and Michigan neuropathy screening instrument, were randomized into two groups to receive amitriptyline and pregabalin SR. Amitriptyline was started at 25mg OD and pregabalin SR 75mg OD for 6 weeks with optional dose titration. Patients were assessed for pain relief by using visual analogue scale and an overall improvement in their general condition by patient’s global impression of change scale. Adverse drug reactions were recorded on each follow up.Results: All patients had significant improvement in pain relief in both the treatment groups. The median VAS (visual analogue scale) score was slightly higher in pregabalin SR group (25 vs 22) however it was not statistically significant. Intergroup comparison did not show any significant differences between the treatment groups. Good and moderate pain relief were noted in 37(92.5%) and 3(7.5%) patients on amitriptyline and 36 (90%) and 4 (10%) patients on pregabalin SR respectively. The common adverse effects reported in amitriptyline group were drowsiness (27.5%) and dry mouth (17.5%) and in pregabalin-SR group were drowsiness (15%) and dizziness (5%). No serious adverse event was reported in either of the groups.Conclusions: In patients with painful diabetic neuropathy both amitriptyline and pregabalin-SR are equally effective in alleviating pain and improving the patient’s general condition, but pregabalin-SR has the advantage of fewer adverse effects and convenient dosage timing.
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    Spontaneous Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern India.
    (2016-04) Joseph, Sajin G.; Badyal, Dinesh K.
    The present study was conducted to evaluate the spontaneous ADR monitoring in a tertiary care hospital. A total of 150 ADRs reports were collected. The WHO definition of an ADR was adopted. Evaluation of the data was done for various parameters which included types, severity and seriousness of reactions. Naranjo score was used for causality assessment. Overall occurrence of ADRs was more in males. Type A reactions (77%) accounted for majority of the reports. Gastrointestinal system (33%) was the most commonly affected organ system. Antibiotics (32%) were the drug class most commonly involved in ADRs. The suspected drug was withdrawn for the management of the ADR in the majority (82%) of the reports. Upon causality assessment, majority of the ADRs were rated as possible (64%). Mild and moderate reactions accounted for 23 and 65% of ADRs, respectively. The pattern of ADRs reported in our hospital is comparable with the results of studies conducted in hospital set up elsewhere, although there are few differences. Our evaluations revealed opportunities for interventions especially for the preventable ADRs to ensure safer drug use.
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    Teaching of the basic sciences in medicine: Changing trends.
    (2015-05) Badyal, Dinesh K.; Singh, Tejinder
    A number of medical schools throughout the world have tried to downsize the basic sciences, but studies have shown that teaching of basic sciences is of importance for the clinical years that lie ahead. While some students endorse this finding, others want instruction in these sciences to be limited in terms of content and time. With the increasing cost of medical education and healthcare, medical schools the world over are trying to contain expenditure on the teaching of the basic sciences. In India, too, instruction in these sciences has been curtailed. This trend may need to be reviewed and the new challenges in this area must be addressed. Natl Med J India 2015;28:137–40