Anti-diarrhea Potential and Acute Toxicity Studies of Methanolic Extract of Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus against Castor Oil Induced Diarrhea Model in Rats.
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Date
2015
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Abstract
Diarrhea is a common cause of death in developing countries and second most common cause of
infant mortality worldwide. The effect of a methanolic leaf extract of Bitter leaf (Vernonia
amygdalina) and Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) on Castor oil-induced diarrhea was investigated. Fifty (50) rats between 120-227g were induced with castor oil for development of
diarrhea. They were divided into two sub-groups of twenty-five (25) subsequently divided into five
groups treated with 2 mg/kg loperamide, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg respectively. The cumulative
frequencies of wet and formed stools were noted on the 3rd - 6th hour. It was observed that 400
mg/kg body weight of the extracts reduced the fecal spots compared to 200 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg
body weight. Plant extracts were found to be non-toxic. The phytochemical screening of the
methanolic extract revealed the presence of some bioactive components which may be responsible
for the anti-diarrhea properties observed in this study. The above findings suggested that the
methanolic extracts contain active constituents that have anti-diarrhea activities that may lead to its
use in treating diarrhea.
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Keywords
Ricimoliec acid, flavonoid, loperamide, phytochemical analysis, fecal spots
Citation
Okere Osheke Shekins, Sangodele Janet Olayemi, Tade Oluwatosin Grace, Obafemi Olabisi T, Falode John Adeolu. Anti-diarrhea Potential and Acute Toxicity Studies of Methanolic Extract of Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus against Castor Oil Induced Diarrhea Model in Rats. International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review 2015 6(2): 46-52.