Journal of Medical Sciences and Health

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https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/158209

Editor: Dr. Vijay Shankar S
ISSN: 2394-9481 (Print); 2394-949X(Online)

Frequency: Triannually

Language: English

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

Web site: https://jmsh.ac.in/

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 33

A Cross-sectional Study of Relationship between Internet Addiction and Performance in Internal Assessment in 2nd Year Medical Undergraduates of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital at B G Nagara
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-01) Padmanabha, T S; Kshamaa, H G; Raghavendra, S K
In the current competitive world, life without an internet is unimaginable. Internet can be utilized generously for overall progress toward accomplishing good aspects. However, it is misused or abused, especially among adolescent and young adults,
A Cross-sectional Study Assessing Prescriptions of a Tertiary Care Teaching Institute of Central India using the WHO Core Drug Indicators
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-01) Raghute, Latesh B; Jaiswal, Kavita M; Dudhgoankar, Sujata; Turkar, Amit; Jawade, Ashutosh; Vaishnao, Lohit S
The WHO has developed medication use indicators, including prescription indicators with an aim to evaluate the services provided to the population in regard to medications. With the help of these indicators, there will be constant watch on drug prescribing pattern in health care to avoid irrational prescribing.
Caregiver Burden and self-efficacy: A Hospital- based Comparison between General and Special Ward Patients
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-01) Chandran, Suhas; Kishor, M; Mathur, Supriya; Madhusudhan, B N; Kavya, N; Rao, T S Sathyanarayana
India has one of the largest health-care systems in the world, and caregivers play an important role in assisting the patients in seeking services, supporting the patient during treatment and also in recovery, as there is a culturally determined emphasis on kinship
Septate uterus with double cervix and longitudinal vaginal septum – A report of two cases of rare uterine anomaly
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2020-01) Praveen, R; Venugopal, M; fabian, Simi; Praveen, Viji
Background: Embryological maldevelopment of the Mullerian or paramesonephric duct results in congenital uterine anomalies. A rare developmental anomaly is a septate uterus with cervical duplication and a longitudinal vaginal septum. This anomaly cannot be explained by the classical unidirectional Mullerian developmental theory and does not fit into American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) classification of uterine anomalies. The bidirectional Mullerian developmental theory holds good for this type of anomalies and the new ESHRE/ESGE classification for female urogenital tract anomaly (CONUTA) is more suitable for effective categorization, diagnosis, and treatment.Case Report: Two cases of the complete uterine septum with double cervix and longitudinal vaginal septum who presented with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and infertility were diagnosed and managed by hysteroscopy and laparoscopy. The vaginal and the uterine septum were resected. Both the patients had an uneventful post-operative recovery period and were followed up for a period of 1 year. The symptoms such as dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia improved significantly without any effect on the fertility outcome.Conclusion:Very few of such cases are reported in the literature. This rare anomaly is explained by the bidirectional Mullerian developmental theory and the application of the new ESHRE/ESGE classification of the urogenital tract (CONUTA) is more suitable for such anomalies for effective categorization, diagnosis, and treatment.
Prevalence of Gram-negative Septicemia in a Tertiary Care Center
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-01) Bajaj, Ashish; Mishra, Bibhabati; Loomba, Poonam S; Thakur, Archana; Sharma, Abha; Rathod, Prachala G; Das, Madhusmita; Bhasin, Ashna
Increased mortality due to sepsis and bacteremia impacts health-care activities severely. Administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics empirically may lead to failure of treatment. Toxic effects of non-susceptible drugs can be harmful for the patients and lead
Detection of Azole Drug Resistance of the Aspergillus Species Cyp51a Gene by PCR
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-01) Raksha; Singh, Gurjeet; Urhekar, A D
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitivity pulmonary disease occurring in individuals with asthma or cystic fibrosis. In these patients, it is characterized by transient pulmonary infiltrates, reversible airway obstruction, eosinophilia
A Case Report of Additional Slip of Pectoralis Major – Pectorotubero Fascialis Muscle
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2020-01) Afroze, M Khizer Hussain; Sangeeta, M; Tiwari, Suman
Variations in the pectoralis major (PM) muscles have been reported by various authors in the literature. We report a case of accessory slip of PM with variation in insertion which has not been reported in the literature to the best of our knowledge. This accessory slip was partially muscular getting inserted into medial lip of intertubercular sulcus (ITS) and partially aponeurotic getting inserted into lateral lip ITS, thus forming “H”-shaped pattern. Knowledge of such anatomical variation will create awareness among surgeons performing surgical reconstruction using PM muscle.
Role of Deep Tension Sutures in Closing the Defect Following Excision of Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal Sinus – A Case Series
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2020-01) Thulasivasudevaiah, N; Sudhir, S; Naik, P Deepak; Dilip, D K; Raj, Ankit; Sah, Sujitkumar
Background: The midline sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus is the common surgical condition among younger population. They present to surgical outpatient department with pain and history of pus discharge from natal cleft. These patients approach for permanent cure following repeated attacks of pain and abscess drainage. We present a new surgical technique of primary closure by applying deep tension sutures (DTS) to close the defect following excision of midline sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus. The rationale behind this technique is to avoid prolonged hospital stay and early return to work.Materials and Methods: In this study, a group of five patients (one female and four male patients) with the age group between 18 and 35 years was studied for the effectiveness, duration of hospital stay post-operative complications, and recurrence following the new surgical technique of DTS. Following excision of midline sacral pilonidal sinus, the resulting elliptical wound varying from 6 cm to 10 cm was approximated using two or three DTS with No-1 Prolene. In this suturing technique, the sutures were held in place using small pieces of plastic tubing from intravenous drip set to avoid suture cutting through the skin. This technique was similar to abdominal wound closure in cases of complete wound dehiscence. The superficial part of the wound was approximated using No-3 zero Ethilon. In this procedure, author has not used any type of drain in the wound. No suture materials were used inside the wound to approximate the raw area (e.g., Vicryl suture). Patients were covered with IV antibiotics and analgesics for a period of 5 days. All sutures were removed on the 10th day.Results: There were no post-operative complications noted during the hospital stay and during follow-up period ranging from 2 months to 6 months. The scar was healthy with functionally, cosmetically acceptable results. There was no recurrence noted in our study group during the follow-up
Computed Topographic-Guided Core Needle Biopsy of Lung Masses: Our Experience at a Diagnostic Center in Western India
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2020-01) Dey, Aniruna; Sharma, Anuj
Introduction: Lung carcinomas are one of the most common malignancies and major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. India also shares a great burden of this disease. Computed topography (CT)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology of lung masses is a widely used and simple diagnostic tool which is being replaced increasingly by CT-guided core biopsies. This study shows our experience at a diagnostic center.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted over a period of 1 year from April 2018 to April 2019 and consisted of 107 cases. After taking detailed history, CT-guided core biopsies were obtained using coaxial needles of 17–19 gauge and biopsy needles of 18–20 gauge. The tissues were then examined histopathologically and the results were noted.Results: Out of the 107 patients, 81.3% were male and 18.7% were female. The age range of patients was from 33 to 92 years, with mean age being 63.7 years. Majority of the lesions were located in the right lung (57.9%). The most common histopathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma 74.7%, followed by small cell carcinoma (12.1%) and adenocarcinoma (9.3%), Hodgkin lymphoma (1.8%), malignant mesothelioma (0.9%), and angiosarcoma (0.9%).Conclusions: This study shows our experience regarding lung malignancies in a diagnostic center in Western India. The epidemiology of lung malignancies seen across the Indian subcontinent reflects in our study. CT-guided core needle biopsies though less invasive may cause complications in some patients. Hence, utmost care should be taken during the procedure to ensure patient safety.
Effects of Juglone on Antioxidant Status in Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-01) Korucu, Emine Nedime; Erkoc-Kaya, Dudu; Menevse, Esma; Arikoglu, Hilal
Naphthoquinones have protective effects through different mechanism against to human malignancies including pancreatic cancer. One of these mechanisms is to avoid reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Changes in enzymatic (superoxide
Chediak–Higashi syndrome – A Rare Case Report
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2020-01) Sriram, Rashmi; Gowda, H Harshavardhan; Okade, Rajendra; Shale, Mouryabha; Varma, Kranthi
A 4-year-old female child born out of a consanguineous marriage, full-term normal vaginal delivery, presented with multiple hypopigmented macules giving mottled pigmentation over the face and neck. There was a history of swelling and pain in the right ear and recurrent skin infections. On examination, she had a silvery gray hair, mottled pigmentation over the face and neck, perichondritis of right ear, impetiginous lesions over the lower limbs, hepatomegaly. Ophthalmological examination revealed partial oculocutaneous albinism and nystagmus. Routine blood investigations were within normal limits. Peripheral smear examination revealed prominent granules within the leukocytes. Hair shaft examination revealed regularly arranged small clumps of melanin. It was diagnosed as a case of Chediak–Higashi syndrome. This case is presented for its rarity.
Adenomyosis and Subcutaneous Fatty Tissue Thickness Relationship
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-01) Kadıyoran, Cengiz
The etiology of adenomyosis is not well understood, but adenomyosis is a common disease. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between
Estimation of Stature from Ring Finger Length in Haryanavi Population: An Anthropometric Study
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2020-01) Sharma, Ruchir; Dhattarwal, S K
Introduction: Stature helps to determine a person’s identity. In dead and mutilated bodies, height can be estimated from body parameters using a regression equation or multiplication factor.Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted to find the multiplication factor between percutaneous ring finger length (RFL) and stature in the Haryana region, for which 145 medical students (80 males and 65 females) of Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, were measured. The correlation coefficient between height and RFL was found to be positive.Results: Stature can be accurately estimated from RFL using simple regression equation or multiplication factor. The regression equation determined for male was Height = 1.798 × RFL + 158.6 and for female was Height = 0.919 × RFL + 152.3.Conclusions: Our study has a great importance to estimate stature from RFL among Haryana region from the anatomical and medicolegal point of view.
Retinal Detachment as an Initial Presentation of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma – A Case Report
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2020-01) Kamath, M Gurudutt; Nayak, Madhurima K
Ocular involvement in disseminated malignancies can present due to many reasons, most important being direct ocular infiltration by cancer cells. We present a case of choroidal metastatses. A 50-year-old female presented with sudden diminution of vision in the left associated with RAPD and deep episcleral congestion. Fundus examination revealed a solid retinal detachment and was confirmed by B-scan. Fine- needle aspiration cytology of the lymph node and retinal biopsy confirmed the features of adenocarcinoma breast. The past history confirmed the history of mastectomy and chemotherapy. She was later refereed for radiotherapy.
A Cross-sectional Study of Dietary Intake and Body Mass Index in Alcohol Dependence Individuals
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-09) Kamath, K Sarthak; Pandit, Lakshmi V
Introduction: At present, 2.3 billion people are consuming alcohol worldwide. It is one of the most widely used substances, second only to tobacco. About 20–30% of all hospital admissions in India are due to alcohol-related problems. One gram of alcohol gives 7 kcal of energy. Energy consumed by alcohol comprises as much as 10% of average daily dietary intake. Most of the recent studies show that heavy drinking is associated with decreased body mass index (BMI). This study was planned as Indian literature in this area is sparse.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the association of alcohol dependence with dietary intake and BMI.Materials and Methods: Sixty male patients admitted in the Department of Psychiatry, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence syndrome (ICD-10) were included in the study. Twenty-four-hour diet chart was collected and BMI calculated. Statistical analysis was done using non-parametric tests.Results: The mean age of the patient population was 41.53 years. Majority of them had completed primary education (47%), mostly engaged in skilled work (48%), and were self-employed (48%). Dietary proteins, fats, and total energy were deficient in 50, 42, and 57 patients, respectively. The majority of patients had normal BMI (42%), while some were underweight (28%), overweight (18%), pre-obese (7%), and obese (5%). Results show that despite the majority of patients having a deficient macronutrient intake, BMI was normal.Conclusions: It is possible that a normal BMI was maintained in the study population despite being malnourished due to calorific contribution by alcohol.
Perceptions of Knowledge Regarding Disaster Management among Healthcare Workers in Bangladesh
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-09) Rahman, Atoshi Bazi; Chaklader, Mainul Alam; Muhamad, Faisal
Background: Worldwide disasters are a common event nowadays. A disaster is an incident that can cause massive disruption and damage. Disaster can be dramatically affected many people, either directly or indirectly. The affected people may die, injures and it also destroyed their houses, health system, and interrupted their lifeline. The study was aimed to identify the perceptions of knowledge regarding disaster management among healthcare workers in Bangladesh.Material and Methods: A total of 120 healthcare workers were selected to participate in this study using two stages of sampling technique. The study was carried out using a cross-sectional survey in the two selected medical college hospitals in Dhaka city of Bangladesh within a period of 4 months (January 2017–April 2017). The data were collected using a pre-tested self-administered semi-structured questionnaire and were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences ver-20.0.Results: In the present study, the mean age of the study respondents was 34.07 ± 10.64 years. About 51.7% of the study participants were female. Two-fifths (40%) of the study participants had diploma in radiology/pharmacy followed by B.Sc. in medical technology (20.8%) and MBBS (10.8%). More than three-fifths (64.2%) had < 11 years of professional experience.Conclusion: The level of good perception of knowledge of females was slightly higher than that of males. The doctors were found to have higher level of good perception of knowledge than those from other professions. The finding reported that close to nine-tenths of the study participants had good perception of knowledge regarding disaster management and the profession of the study participants was found significantly associated with the perception of knowledge regarding disaster management.
Knowledge, attitude, and practices toward antibiotic usage and antibiotic resistance among medical students and interns: A cross-sectional study
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2020-01) Asharani, N; Dhanalakshmi, TA; Shyamanth, M
Aims and Objectives: Adequate knowledge, attitude, and practices toward antibiotic usage and resistance among health caregiver are the need of the hour to lower the burden of antibiotic resistance. The present study was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices toward antibiotic usage and resistance among medical students and interns.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital involving 5th, 7th, and 9th term medical students and interns. A pre-tested questionnaire with 22 knowledge and 13 attitude items was assessed by 3-point Likert scale and 9 practice items by yes/no. For knowledge items, each correct response represented with 1 mark. Grading of the knowledge was done as poor (≤50%), adequate (51–75%), and good (≥75%).Statistical Analysis: Frequency and proportions were usedResults:The response rate was 98.39% (367/373). Majority of the participants had adequate (46.6%) to good (45.5%) knowledge. Majority perceived that educating patients (94.8%) and taking responsibility of judicious use of antibiotics by everyone (92.6%) will reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance. However, 58% of the students were of the opinion that skipping one or two doses will not lead to antibiotic resistance and 68.4% of the participants felt that irrational use of antibiotic practices done at local level will not matter for the development of resistance globally. More than 90% of the students executed good practice toward antibiotic usage.Discussion and Conclusion: In spite of adequate to good knowledge, there were attitudinal lacunae toward antibiotic usage and resistance. Interestingly, regardless of casual attitudes, the self-reported practices of the participants were found to be substantially good. There is a need for strategizing educational programs for students and interns not only to enhance the knowledge but also to reshape the behavior of the students.
Prevalence of Risk Factors for Dementia in Elderly Population in a Tribal Area of Central India – A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-09) Ragubathy, P Kaushik; Adikane, Hemant
Background: Approximately 50 million people worldwide are suffering from dementia, it is the 7th leading cause of death among the elderly. In India, more than 4 million people have some form of dementia 3. According to the World Health Organization, India’s population of those aged over 65, which was 40 million in 1997, is set to increase to 108 million by 2025 and 240 million by 2050.Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of risk factors of dementia among the elderly population residing in a tribal area of Central India.Materials and Methods: A door to door cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural/tribal area with a pre-designed case record form that investigated the prevalence of risk factors along with measurement of anthropometry and mini-mental state examination was used to categorize subjects according to their mental status.Results: This study reports high prevalence of risk factors such as hypertension (31.8%), tobacco chewing (25.43%), high waist-hip ratio (24.57%), smoking habit (15.03%), head injury (11%), overweight (9.54%), alcohol intake (9.25%), 71–80 age (9.25%), diabetics (9%), stroke (4.62%), family history of dementia (2.6%), obesity (2.31%), coronary artery disease (CAD) (1.73%), and depression (1.45%).Conclusions: This study highlights a significant burden of undiagnosed cases of hypertension, diabetes, depression, and CAD all of which are important risk factors for dementia in the community, most of them are poorly controlled. There is a need to identify the large pool of undiagnosed cases of the mentioned morbidities by screening and offer early treatment to avoid complications.
Hepatic Amyloidosis – A Clinicoradiological Dido
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-09) Randale, Archana A; Parate, Sanjay N; Meshram, Saroj A; Tathe, Shilpa P; Bhatkule, Milind A
Amyloidosis is a wide spectrum of disease characterized by extracellular deposition of misfolded protein which has common morphological, structural, and staining properties but differs in their protein composition. Hepatic amyloidosis can present as clinicoradiological dido and requires liver biopsy and ancillary histopathological techniques not only to attest the diagnosis but also for typing of amyloidosis. Here, we report a case of hepatic amyloidosis with preserved liver function test despite having massive hepatomegaly.
The Relationship between Microalbuminuria and Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type II Diabetes and Evaluate the Parameters of Internal Carotid Artery Duplex Sonographic Scanning
(Adichunchunagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, 2019-01) Yilmaz, Pınar D.; Kadiyoran, Cengiz
We aimed to determine the relationship between microalbuminuria and atherosclerosis in patients with Type II diabetes and evaluate the parameters of extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) duplex ultrasonographic scanning; pulsatile index (PI) and resistive

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