Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University

Permanent URI for this collection

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/151354

Editor in Chief: Dr. Asha K. Pratinidhi
ISSN: 2231-4261

Frequency: Half yearly

Language: English

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

Web site: https://www.jkimsu.com/index.html

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 86

Mitigating Risk of COVID-19 Transmission at Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Centres in India
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Ghate, Manisha; Shidhaye, Pallavi; Deoraj, Pramod
Hermansky Pudlak Syndrome Type 2:A Rare Case Report.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Chhaparwal, Yogesh; Kumar, Mathangi; Chhaparwal, Shubha
Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) is a rareautosomal recessive disorder characterized byOculocutaneous Albinism (OCA), platelet disorder,and ceroid accumulation. It is common in North WestPuerto Rico region, and the incidence reported is1/500000. It is a rare genetic disorder with plateletdysfunction resulting in bleeding diathesis. Here wereport one such rare case of HPS type 2 in a 7-year-oldboy with difficulty in chewing.
Appendiculopyelostomy: A Surgical Accident.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Dhandore, Priya; Hombalkar, Narendra N.; Ahmed, Mohd. Hamid Shafique
Open pyeloplasty is a commonly performed surgicalprocedure for Pelviureteric Junction (PUJ) obstruction.It can be associated with many complications.Anatomical structures with similar appearance may attimes be confused for each other (eg. right ureter andappendix).The appendix may rarely lie parallel to theupper ureter when it can be confused with later. Wereport a case of accidental anastomosis of the appendixwith the renal pelvis during open pyeloplasty. Thepatient was re-explored, the appendix was removed, theureter was identified and spatulated ureteropyelostomysplinted internally with double J stent. Patient isasymptomatic at a two-year follow-up
Clostridium difficile in Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhoea and Detection of Toxin Producing Strains in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Maharashtra.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2019-01) Mane, Priyanka M.; Patil, Satish R.; Mane, Makarand B.; Karande, Geeta S.
Background: Rampant and injudicious use of broadspectrum antibiotic in hospitalized patients hasincreased the incidence of Clostridium difficileAssociated Diarrhea (CDAD). In recent years,Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI) has become morefrequent, severe, and difficult to treat. Aim andObjective: A prospective, study was conducted toisolate C. difficile in Antibiotic-associated Diarrhoea(AAD) and to detect toxin producing strains of C.difficile from faecal samples of patients suspected tohave CDI. Material and Methods: A total of 111hospitalized patients who developed diarrhoea after>72 hours of admission and suspected of CDI wereenrolled for investigation. The samples were subjectedto anaerobic culture and toxin assay. Results: The totalsample size of the study was 111 patients who werehaving antibiotic associated diarrhoea. Majority of thepatients were from the age group 21-30 years and 41-50 years i.e., 23 (20.7%). Males 64 (57.7%) wereaffected more as compared to females 47 (42.3%).Third generation cephalosporins were the mostcommon group of antibiotics associated with bothAAD 36 (32.4%) and CDAD 9 (42.85%) cases,followed by carbapenem fluroquinolones incombination 3 (12.5%). Culture positivity was seen in12 (10.81%) of the 111 stool samples and 39 (35.13%)were toxin producers. Conclusion: The use of severalmedications was found to be associated with anincreased risk of CDAD. The only way to reduce Cl.difficile infection is to judiciously use antibiotics,strictly adhere to antibiotic policy and to give primeimportance to strict infection control measures.
A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Association of Age of Menarche with Body Mass Index in Adolescent Girls of Urban and Rural Schools of Vijayapura, North Karnataka
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) M., Biradar Aruna; Yaliwal, Rajasri G.; Kori, Shreedevi S.; Sangolli, Laxmi S.; Shirgur, Shobha S; Mathapati, Sangamesh S.
Background: Overweight and increased Body MassIndex (BMI) have been among the major changes ingirls and is one of the likely factors affecting themenarche age. Aim and Objectives: To determinecorrelation of age at menarche with BMI in adolescentgirls of urban and rural schools of Vijayapura, NorthKarnataka. Material and Methods:Aprospective crosssectional study was conducted by Department ofObstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri. B. M. Patil MedicalCollege Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemedst thto be University), between 1 July 2019 to 29 February2020.Girls below the age of 19 years who had attainedmenarche were included. Height and weight weremeasured, and BMI was calculated. Statistical analysiswas carried out in SPSS software, version 23.0 andMicrosoft 2010. Correlation between age at menarcheand BMI was assessed in adolescent girls of urban andrural schools of Vijayapura. Results: The mean age atmenarche among adolescent girls of urban and ruralschools was about 13.6 ± 1.2 years. Among allparticipants, 60.2% were from urban area and 39.8%were from rural area. The mean age of the menarchewas 13.8 ± 1.2 in rural population and 13.5 ± 1.3 inurban population (p value <0.001). Among all studyparticipants, 48.3% had normal BMI; however, 29.8%,15.4%, 5.8% and 0.7% were underweight, severeunderweight, overweight, and obese respectively.Majority of girls had normal BMI in both urban (49.2%)and rural settings (47.0%). Conclusion: A statisticallysignificant association (p< 0.05) was noticed betweenonset of menarche and area of residence. There was aninverse correlation between BMI and age at menarche,although this was not statistically significant.
Drainage of External Jugular Vein into an Unusually Wider Internal Jugular Vein: A Rare Case Report.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Shetty, Ashwija; Sumalatha, Suhani; Prabhath, Sushma
The superficial veins are of utmost importanceclinically for cannulation, which is required fordiagnostic purposes and intravenous therapy. One suchsuperficial vein in the neck region is the externaljugular vein. The other vein, deeper in this region, isthe internal jugular vein. The internal jugular vein iscommonly used for central venous catheterization.Anomaly in the course and termination of bothexternal and Internal Jugular Veins (IJV) are critical asthey serve as an important route/site to perform variousdiagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Present caseshows a rare variation of termination of the rightexternal jugular vein into an unusually wider IJV.Variation as described in the present case, if found,would ease the clinicians' task to approach a lessaccessible IJV. Ultrasound-guided venouscatheterization would serve as a guide to perform theprocedure with ease and also to be familiar with suchvariations existing in the venous channels
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Breast: A Rare Case Report.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Dhorigol, Vijayalaxmi; Shantagiri, Hema; Bandagar, Kishore
Adenoid cystic carcinoma is an extremely rare subtypeof breast carcinoma. Usually they are triple negative,but have favourable prognosis in contrast to theirsalivary gland counterparts. They have distinctmorphological features, the solid componentdetermining the grade of the tumour. They have lowrecurrence rate, may rarely metastasize after a longtime after diagnosis, hence requiring a long term followup. There is no consensus on the effective treatment.Breast conserving surgery with adjuvant radiotherapyappears to be effective. It is hence important to identifythis distinct subtype of breast carcinoma
Impact Analysis of the National Faculty Development Program for Medical Teachers: A Way Forward
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Gade, Shubhada; Mishra, Ved Prakash
Background: Medical Council of India, New Delhilaunched a National Faculty Development Program(NFDP) across India in 2009. NFDP was neverevaluated in the context of its operational utility,efficiency and effectivity. Aim and Objectives: Presentstudy was undertaken to evaluate the NFDPat one of theMedical Council of India (MCI) Nodal Centre foridentifying the gap with regards to its impact,operational utility and effectivity as envisioned by theregulatory body and to invocate interventionaloperations arising thereof and to calibrate it and tocreate evidences for the same. Material and Methods:The study has been carried out at Jawaharlal NehruMedical College (JNMC), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, aNodal Centre recognized by MCI New Delhi for theNFDP. A validated questionnaire was sent to 667stparticipants of the NFDP at JNMC from 1 July 2009 tost31 July 2017 and responses were obtained aboutgenerating evidences in education technology, transferof knowledge at the workplace and contribution in theinstitutional growth. The impact analysis was studied interms of individualization, internalization andinstitutionalization of the participants. Results: 220(52%) of the participants confirmed their involvementin educational research activities in the form of eitheradvance course or a conference or an educationalresearch project. 250 (59%) of the participants couldtransfer their learning to the workplace and broughtchanges in the teaching learning Practices and 28.3% inassessment methods. 255 - 338 (60.32% to 79.90%)participants opined positive impact of NFDP onpersonal/ professional/ Institutional growth.Conclusions: In terms of the observations and findingsthereto, it was proposed that certain modifications(structural, operational and conceptual) are warranted inthe said program. Operational utility of the NFDP isdiscussed under two headings. Its link with CompetencyBased Medical Education and its relation toAccreditation Status of Medical schools in India.
Urinary Schistosomiasis Detected by Chance in India : A Case Report.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-01) Lobo, Flora D.; Bhatt, Anusha S.; Rao, Pooja; Prabhu, G. G. Laxman
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic trematode that is lesscommonly seen in India. The clinical manifestationsrange from acute, sub acute and chronic phases. Agranulomatous type of lesion formed by Schistosomahematobium in the lower urinary tract. We present acase of rare neglected tropical infection in this part ofDakshin Kannada. A 66-year-old man presents withhistory of irritative voiding symptoms, urgency,incontinence, and nocturia of 2 months duration. CTUrogram showed bladder wall thickening. Cystoscopyshowed granuloma in the posterolateral wall of thebladder. Urine microscopy picked up Schistosomahematobium eggs. Bladder biopsy showed chronicinflammatory type of lesion. This is a case of confirmedchronic granulomatous urinary schistosomiasis in anon-endemic region, and successfully treated.Clinicians should become aware of the existence of thisparasite in few pockets in India.
Morphometric Study of Hypoglossal and Facial Nerves and its Significance in Hypoglossal-Facial Nerve Anastomosis.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Palimar, Vikram; Gupta, Chandni; Kalthur, Sneha Guruprasad
Background: During the repairing of facial nerve injurymost common nerve used is the hypoglossal nerve. Aimand Objectives: To measure the distance between theanatomical landmarks, facial nerve and hypoglossalnerve which will be beneficial to locate the facial nerveand hypoglossal nerve more effortlessly and willdecrease the hazard of procedural problems. Materialand Methods: Thirty specimens were dissected.Measurements of the hypoglossal and facial nerveswere taken from various anatomical landmarks. Datawere analyzed using Statistical Package for SocialSciences 16 version. Results: The mean distance of theorigin of the facial nerve to the angle of mandible wascm, the mean distance of the origin of thefacial nerve to the tip of mastoid process wascm, the mean distance of common carotidbifurcation to the hypoglossal nerve where it crossesthe external carotid artery was cm, the meandistance of common carotid bifurcation to thehypoglossal nerve where it crosses the internal carotidartery was cm and the mean distance ofhypoglossal nerve to the tip of mastoid process wascm. Conclusion: The results of this studywill help and prevent any complication in identifyingthe hypoglossal nerve and facial nerve duringhypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis.
mRNA Expression of Podocyte Associated Proteins in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Nephropathy.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Bhoite, Gouri M.; Bulakh, Panduran M.; Kuvalekar, Aniket A.; Padwal, Meghana K.; Momin, Abdulrahaman A.
Background: Diabetic nephropathy is the leading causeof End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) emerging indeveloped as well as developing countries, with thecomplicated pathogenesis. The study of expression ofthe genes related to kidney cells e.g. podocytes has beenshown to be associated with the condition, helping in theelucidation of pathogenesis of the disease. Previouslythe gene expression associated was studied in urinesamples. Material and Methods: In the present study, itwas attempted to analyze the mRNA expression ofpodocyte related genes viz. podocalyxin, podocin andsynaptopodin in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells(PBMCs) in patients with diabetes with and withoutnephropathy in comparison with healthy controls byreverse transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR), followed by semi-quantitative PCR. Results:The expression of Synaptopodin (SYNPO) wasincreased in diabetics than the controls, while nosignificant difference was found for Podocalixyn(PODXL) and Podocin (NPHS2). The expression ofPODXL and NPHS2 was significantly up-regulated;SYNPO was unaltered in microalbuminuric patientsthan healthy controls. PODXL and SYNPO wereincreased significantly in nephropathy subjects thancontrols, with no significant change in NPHS2. Theexpression of only PODXL was found to be upregulated in microalbuminuric patients as compared toT2DM patients without nephropathy. PODXL, SYNPOwere significantly up-regulated and NPHS2 wassignificantly down-regulated in nephropathy subjects ascompared to T2DM patients without nephropathy. Asignificant down-regulation was found for NPHS2expression in nephropathy patients than microalbuminuric patients of T2DM with nephropathy.Conclusion: The detection of gene expression of theseproteins can be used as an early marker for the detectionof development of nephropathy in T2DM patients andpreventive measures can be taken to prolong the onsetof nephropathy in these patients, increasing the lifeexpectancy.
Effect of Mirtazapine Pre-treatment on Haloperidol, Ergometrine and Fluoxetine Induced Behaviours in Albino Rats.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2019-01) Thorat, Vandana M.; Khanwelkar, Chitra C.; Matule, Somnath M.; Salve, Pratibha S.; Surle-Patil, Smita A.; Seshla, S.
Background: Central 5-HT and 5-HT serotonergic 2A 2Creceptors are mainly involved in the control ofnigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic neuronalactivity has been well proved and established. 5-HThas facilitatory effect on stimulated dopamine releaseby stimulating central 5-HT receptors and inhibitory 2Aeffect by stimulating 5-HT receptors. Aim and 2CObjectives: To evaluate 5-HT and 5-HT receptor 2A 2Cblocking activity of Mirtazapine (MIR) and the effectof mirtazapine pre-treatment on Ergometrine (ERG)induced behaviours, Fluoxetine (FLU) induced penileerections and Haloperidol (HAL) induced catalepsy inrats. Material and Methods: Each group wassubdivided into different subgroups consisting 6animals in each. Control group received DimethylSulfoxide (DMSO) and other groups received differentdoses of mirtazapine one hour before ERG/FLU/HAL.Values obtained from control group were comparedwith all remaining groups pre-treatment with differentdoses of MIR. Results: MIR (MIR) at 2.5, 5, 10 and 20mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p) did not produce any per seeffects. Pre-treatment with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg i.p. MIRsignificantly antagonised ERG induced behaviours. 5mg/kg i.p. MIR significantly antagonised whereas 10and 20 mg/kg i.p. MIR abolished FLU (10 mg/kg)induced penile erections in rats. MIR 5 and 20 mg/kgi.p. significantly antagonised HAL (1mg/kg) inducedcatalepsy at 1 hr testing time interval while 10 and 20mg/kg MIR significantly antagonised HAL (1 mg/kg)induced catalepsy at 2 hr testing time interval.Conclusion: Our results indicate that MIR at 5, 10 and20 mg/kg possesses 5-HT and 5-HT receptors 2A 2Cblocking activity. At 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg MIR, byblocking central 5-HT receptors predominantly, 2Ccauses release of dopamine from nigrostriataldopaminergic neurons and therefore antagonizes HALinduced catalepsy
Fibroadenoma: Common Neoplasm in an Uncommon Site.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-01) Arakeri, S. U.; Nerune, Savitri M.; Taqdees, Afra
Vulval fibroadenoma is an uncommon benign tumourthat has been suggested to originate from ectopic breasttissue or mammary like anogenital glands. We report acase of a 26 years old woman who presented with alarge, slow growing painless mass in vulvar region since2 months with a clinical diagnosis of sebaceous cyst/Inclusion epidermoid cyst. Excision was done and onhistopathological examination it was reported as ectopicbreast tissue with fibroadenoma and lactational change.
Turban Pin Inhalation Syndrome with Unusually Mobile Pin from Series of Radiographs.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-01) W, Tin; F, Hayati; R. K., Muniandy; L. S. L, Constance; C.N.H, Lim; A, Mra; N. Y., Khin
Foreign Bodies (FB) dislodges are common in the ear,nose and throat especially among infants and children.Occasionally, they can accidentally be ended up in thebronchus as well. We describe a 13-year-old girl withaccidental ingestion of a scarf needle pin after she wasslapped on the back while biting the pin. Chestradiograph had confirmed the diagnosis of piningestion which is consistent with turban pininhalation syndrome. In view of logistic and specialtyissues, she was transferred to another tertiary hospitalfor further intervention. A series of chest radiographshowed a migratory metallic FB in different locationsin the airway, which was considered as an extremerarity. We discuss this rare entity with literature reviewof FB aspiration in general.
Evaluation of Relationship of the Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase Enzyme Polymorphisms with Serum Methotrexate Concentration and Toxicity in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients Treated with High Dose Methotrexate Infusion
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Sajith, Manjusha; Atmaram Pawar; Abdulrahaman A. Momin; Bafna, Vibfa; Bartakke, Sandeep; Subramaniyan, Kannan
Background: Methotrexate (MTX) blocks MethyleneTetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Enzymethereby, interrupt folate metabolism, it is used in thetreatment of cancer and autoimmune disorders. Aimand Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluatethe relationship of the MTHFR polymorphisms withserum MTX concentration and its toxicity in AcuteLymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) patients treated withhigh dose MTX infusion. Material and Methods: Levelof Serum MTX was measured, along with the detectionof MTHFR polymorphisms viz. C677T and A1298Cby Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) followed byDNA sequencing. The percentages of toxicitydeveloped in patients were calculated among the wildtype and carriers for both polymorphisms and werecompared between the groups. Results:The majority ofpatients 36 (72 %) were wild type for the C677Tpolymorphism and 32 (64 %) of patients were carriersfor the A1298C polymorphism [48% heterozygous(AC), and 16 % homozygous (CC)]. Among 50 ALLpatients studied, significant difference was noted in thegenotype and allele frequencies for C677Tpolymorphism, while only allele frequencies differedsignificantly for A1298C polymorphism. The serumMTX level at 48 hours after the start of High DoseMTX (HDMTX) infusion of the C677T variant (CT)was slightly high in all four cycles however, in the firstcycle, there was a significant increase in the level ofMTX. There was no significant difference in the serumMTX level found in all four cycles between patientswild type and carriers for A1298C polymorphism. ForA1298C polymorphism, the mean SGPT level incarriers was significantly high as compared to wildtype. Conclusion: The present study concludes thatpatients with C667T variant had elevated serum MTXconcentration at 48 hours after the start of HDMTXinfusion.
An Analysis of Configuration of Lateral Lamella of Cribriform Plate of Ethmoid: A Computed Tomographic Study.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Gugapriya, T. S.; Kumar, N. Vinay
Background: Ethmoid Skull Base (ESB) is anarticulation of ethmoid roof with Lateral Lamella ofCribriform plate (LLCP). An increased LLCP heightwas observed to increase the vulnerability of ESB tosurgical injuries. Aim and Objectives: The present studywas undertaken to analyze the configuration of thelateral lamella of cribriform plate, the ethmoid roof withrespect to Keros type of olfactory fossa. Material andMethods: Aretrospective Computed Tomographic (CT)study was done with 60 Coronal Paranasal Sinuses(PNS) scans and LLCP height was determined bysubtracting Medial Ethmoid Roof Point (MERP) fromCP heights and classified according to Keros. Thedifference between Medial Ethmoid Roof Point(MERP) and Lateral Ethmoid Roof Point (LERP)heights in both anterior and posterior planes indicatesthe direction of ethmoid roof slope. Results: Theaverage height of the LLCP was between 1.53 to 8.55mm with a mean (SD) of 3.77 mm 1.66 and majoritybelonged to Keros type I. Overall mean differencebetween LERP and MERP was 5.43 0.74 mm inanterior and 4.43 0.63 mm in posterior planes. In boththe planes irrespective of the sides the height of theLERPwas higher in relation to medial side. Conclusion:Keros type I was the most common type and the slope ofanterior ethmoid roof is steeper compared to posterior.This preoperative knowledge about the configuration ofLLCPas well as the ethmoid roof contour is vital duringendonasal ethmoidal surgeries.
Bacteriological Profile of Wound Swab and Pus Samples Using Conventional Media and Chromogenic Medium.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Sunayana M. Jangla; Naidu, Raji; Patel, Sofia C.; Gami, Umesh K.; Machhi, Bhupesh S.
Background: Wound infections continue to be a causeof concern as they can delay healing and cause woundbreakdown. Their effective treatment demands quickisolation and identification of causative organisms withappropriate antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Material andMethods: Wound swab and pus samples received frominpatient as well as outpatient department of all agegroups and both genders were processed usingconventional media as well as chromogenic medium(HiCrome UTI) and results of both were compared.Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done on Vitek 2Compact automated system. Results: Among 342samples, 77% showed growth. Fifty eight percentagewere Gram negative and 42% were Gram positiveorganisms. Polymicrobial growth was seen in 11% ofsamples. HiCrome UTI isolated all organisms inculture. Colony characteristics and colour of all isolateson HiCrome UTI were comparable to theiridentification on Vitek 2 Compact. Among the Grampositive organisms, commonest was MethicillinSensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA 42%)followed by Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcusaureus (MRSA 33%), Enterococcus faecalis (10%),Staphylococcus epidermidis (8%), Staphylococcushaemolyticus (3%), Streptococcus pyogenes (2%) andStreptococcus agalactiae (2%). Most of the Grampositive organisms were sensitive to vancomycin,teicoplanin, linezolid and clindamycin The commonGram negative organisms were E. coli (36%),Klebsiella pneumoniae (20%), Pseudomonasaeruginosa (18%), Proteus mirabilis (7%),Enterobacter cloacae (6%) and Acinetobacterbaumannii (4%). Most of the Gram negative organismswere sensitive to cefepime, beta lactams-betalactamase inhibitors, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. Conclusion: Gram-negative organismspredominated in our study. HiCrome UTI agar can beused as a cost-effective approach for rapid isolation ofall organisms. It gives definite identification ofcommon organisms and thus reduces turn-around-timefor the same. It provides presumptive identification ofinfrequent organisms which can be further confirmedby simple biochemical tests. Hence these properties ofHiCrome UTI agar help serve the purpose especiallyfrom mixed cultures and in resource constraint settings
Femoral Nerve in Femoral Triangle: A Morphometric Study with Clinical Relevance
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Bhat, Nandini P.; Lewis, Cheryl R.; Nayak, Vanishri S.; Andrade, Lydia S
Background: Femoral nerve is a nerve of choice forfemoral nerve blockade. It enters the femoral triangle atthe midinguinal point. However, this point of entry neednot be the same always. Aim and Objectives: This studyis aimed at measuring the morphometry of the femoralnerve with the help of bony landmarks. Material andmethods: Forty adult lower limbs were dissected andthe morphometry of the femoral nerve was studied.Results: The mean distance from the Anterior SuperiorIliac Spine (ASIS) to the pubic tubercle was 12.66 ±1.48 cm. We found the FN from the ASIS at a meandistance of 6.38 ± 1.45 cm. Also, the FN was at a meandistance of 6.76 ± 1.12 cm from the pubic tubercle. Themean length of the FN trunk below the inguinalligament, i.e., in the femoral triangle before the divisionwas 2.19 ± 0.34 cm. However, in 8 lower limbs, the FNtrunk was divided before entering the femoral triangle.Conclusion: The findings of our study serve as anenabling guide to the surgeons, neurologists andanesthetist's in detecting the FN for various clinical andsurgical procedures.
Spectrum of Secondary Glomerular Diseases in Adult Nephrotic Syndrome.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Shashank, Devarasetty; Singh, Mohini; Ramakrishnan, S.R.
Background: In developing countries like India, thecauses for end stage renal failure has been changingwith glomerular diseases occupying an important place.The trend of various primary and secondary causes ofNephrotic Syndrome (NS) over the past few decadeshas been debatable especially with reference togeographical locations. Aim and Objectives: This studywas intended to find out the histologic patterns ofglomerular disease associated with NS in South Indiaand analyze the corresponding clinical and biochemicalabnormalities associated with these conditions.Material and Methods: One hundred eighty eightpatients in the age group of 18-80 years with NS whounderwent renal biopsy between the periodst thfrom1 January 2018 to 30 September 2019 wereincluded in this study. Baseline investigations and otherinvestigations related to renal profile evaluationincluding complement levels and HIV antibody weredone. Results: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) accounted for the majority (25.5%) amongprimary glomerular diseases while among thesecondary glomerular diseases Lupus Nephritis (LN)(51.19%) constituted the majority and a substantialcontribution from Human Immunodeficiency VirusAssociated Nephropathy (HIVAN). LN was seen onlyin female patients with a mean age of 33.36 ± 10.74years. Among LN, Class III was the most predominantwhile Class IIIC was less frequent. C3 and C4complement levels were less than normal in Class IVand Class variants of LN. Conclusion: This studyhighlights the spectrum of Lupus Nephritis and HIVassociated nephropathy as a cause for adult NS in atertiary care center in South India
Structural Modeling and Validation of Growth/Differentiation Factor 15 [NP_004855] Associated with Pregnancy Complication- Hyperemesis Gravidarum.
(Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020-07) Prajapat, Rajneesh; Jain, Suman; Vaishnav, Manish K.; Sogani, Sonal
Background: Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) is acommon pregnancy complication that occurs in0.3–2% of pregnancies. Growth/Differentiation Factor(GDF) 15 serum levels are abnormally high in patientsassociated with HG. In silico analysis providesinformation about structure and function of GDF15.Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to enlistbiochemical and functional properties of GDF15protein and determine its three-dimensional structure,as GDF15 is known to be associated with risk of HG.Material and Methods: The PDB file of GDF15[NP_004855] was created by RaptorX structureprediction server. The UCLA-DOE server was used tovisual analysis of crystal structure of protein. Thevalidation for structure models was performed by usingPROCHECK. Model quality estimates were based onthe QMEAN and ProSA. Results: The model showedgood stereo-chemical property in terms of G-factorvalue -0.64, that indicates geometry of modelcorresponds to probability conformation with 95%residue in the favored region of Ramachandran plot,showing high accuracy of model prediction. The Zscore of -4.04 predicted by ProSA represents the goodquality of the model. The energy plot shows the localmodel quality by plotting knowledge-based energies asa function of amino acid sequence position.Conclusion: The generated model could be supportiveto understand the structure and functionalcharacteristics of Homo sapiens growth/differentiationfactor 15 [NP_004855]. As abnormal high serum levelsof GDF15 were observe in patients associated with HG.Therefore, the structure model of GDF15 [NP_004855]is useful to understand its role in development of HG. InSilico docking study could be explain the molecularassociation of GDF15 [NP_004855] with HG and newdrug designing, for that structure model is very useful.

Browse

Recent Submissions