Djenguemtar, JGoka, M. S. CNoubom, MKonack , E. YKamsu, G. TSokoudjou, J. BFeudjio , H. B. LKodjio , NGatsing , D.2023-06-272023-06-272023-04Djenguemtar J, Goka M. S. C, Noubom M, Konack E. Y, Kamsu G. T, Sokoudjou J. B, Feudjio H. B. L, Kodjio N, Gatsing D.. In vivo Antisalmonellal and Antioxidant Activity of Hydroethanolic Extract of Bauhinia rufescens Leaves in Wistar Albino Rats Infected with Salmonella Typhi. Microbiology Research Journal International. 2023 Apr; 33(2): 39-532456-7043http://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/217213Infectious diseases such as typhoid fever lead to the formation of free radicals which can have a detrimental effect on the body. Typhoid fever is caused by poor sanitation, lack of clean water and resistance of germs to antibiotics and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hence an urgent needs to find alternative treatments with little or no toxicity for the treatment of this disease. Objective: This work aims to evaluate the in vivo antisalmonellal and antioxidant activity of the 95% hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of Bauhinia rufescens (Fabaceae) in rats experimentally infected with Salmonella Typhi ATCC6539, as an alternative therapy. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into twelve groups (six per sex) of animals. Thus 3 control groups: (T0) uninfected and untreated; (T-) infected and untreated; (T+) infected and treated with ciprofloxacin (14 mg/kg) and 3 test groups: T1, T2 and T3 infected and treated with different doses of the extract (40, 80 and 117.71 mg/kg respectively). The evolution of the infection and the effectiveness of the treatment were monitored by blood culture, food consumption and weight growth were assessed during the trial; at the end of which the animals were sacrificed and the different parameters were evaluated. Results: Infected animals treated with different doses of the extract showed zero bacterial loads from the twelfth day post infection in both sexes. Regardless of sex, animals treated with the extract at the dose of 117.71mg/Kg were cured by the seventh day after the start of treatment while those treated with the doses of 40 mg/Kg and 80 mg/kg were cured by the ninth day after the start of treatment. Infection induced a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in food consumption and weight growth, while treatment induced, at all doses, an increase in food consumption and weight growth. Infection also caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase in NO and MDA levels, as well as a significant decrease in catalase and peroxidase activities in animal tissue homogenates. However, treatment resulted in a significant decrease in NO and MDA levels, and a significant (p < 0.05) increase in catalase and peroxidase activities. Conclusion: These results showed that the 95% hydroethanolic extract of Bauhinia rufescens leaves has mixed antisalmonellal and antioxidant activity in vivo and could be developed for the treatment of typhoid fever.Bauhinia rufescensSalmonella Typhisalmonellosisoxidative stressJournal ArticleIndiaResearch Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67: Dschang, CameroonDépartement des Sciences Biomédicales et Pharmaceutiques, Faculté de Sciences de la Santé, Université Adam Barka d’Abéché, BP : 1173, Tchad, Central AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Research Unit of Medicinal Plants Biochemistry, Food Sciences and Nutrition, University of Dschang, CameroonDépartement de Microbiologie-Hématologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Dschang, CameroonDépartement des Sciences Appliquées à la Santé, Institut Universitaire et Stratégique de l’Estuaire (IUES/INSAM), BP: 4100 Douala, Cameroon.