Khare, SKushwaha, RKumar, AVenkatesh, VReddy, HDJain, MYusuf, MSingh, US2020-04-232020-04-232018-06Khare S, Kushwaha R, Kumar A, Venkatesh V, Reddy HD, Jain M, Yusuf M, Singh US. Prothrombotic state in HIV: A study on protein C, protein S, homocysteine and correlation with CD4 counts. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2018 Jun; 36(2): 201-2060255-08571998-3646http://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/198781Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may result in variable haematological manifestations. Thrombotic events are more common among HIV-infected persons than the general population, possibly due to the increased inflammatory/hypercoagulable state and presence of concurrent comorbidities. Aims and Objectives: (1) Screen for coagulation abnormalities in HIV-infected patients. (2) Detect certain prothrombotic factors such as deficiency of protein C and protein S and elevation of homocysteine as possible precursors of coagulation defects in HIV patients. (3) Correlation of coagulation abnormalities with CD4 counts. Methods: A pilot study of 1-year duration conducted in the Department of Pathology in collaboration with ART centre, KGMU Lucknow. All diagnosed HIV-seropositive patients (n = 30) who were not taking Vitamin K, antithrombotic and antiplatelet drugs including aspirin, oral contraceptives and not having known protein C/S deficiency were included in the present study as cases. Apart from this, 30 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were also included in the present study. Assessment of the bleeding time, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, complete blood count was done. Protein C and S were measured by calorimetric assay. Serum homocysteine was measured by the semi-automated method. CD4 count was done by flow cytometry. Results: The findings of the present study suggest a relationship between HIV, its complications and thrombosis. The HIV-seropositive patients have reduced levels of haemoglobin, CD4 counts, platelet counts, mean platelet volume, protein C and S activity as compared to the healthy individuals. Thrombophilic abnormality in the form of hyperhomocysteinaemia is more frequent in HIV-infected patients. All these parameters have a definite correlation with CD4 count.CD4 countcoagulationhuman immunodeficiency virusthrombosisJournal ArticleIndiaDepartment of Pathology, K.G.M.U, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, K.G.M.U, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Medicine, K.G.M.U, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India