DSILVA, GREG JUDEGALANDE, SANJEEV2024-11-302024-11-302024-03DSILVA GREG JUDE, GALANDE SANJEEV. From sequence to consequence: Deciphering the complex cis-regulatory landscape. Journal of Biosciences. 2024 Mar; 49: 1-110250-59910973-7138https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/237966Cell type-specific expression of genes plays a pivotal role in the development and evolution of multicellular organisms over millions of years. The majority of regulatory control resides within the non-coding regions of the genome, referred to as ‘dark matter’, which contains cis-regulatory modules. These cis-regulatory modules function collectively and can impact gene expression even when located far from the target gene, exhibiting context-specific behaviour. Consequently, the cis-regulatory code governing gene expression patterns is intricate, in contrast to the universally understood genetic code. This overview centres on the current knowledge regarding cis-regulatory elements, primarily enhancers and their role in governing the spatiotemporal gene expression patterns, and how they have evolved and adapted across different species.Cis-regulatory elementsenhancersrewiringspatiotemporal patterningtranscription factorsgene expressionJournal ArticleIndiaLaboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IndiaLaboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, India; Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar 201 324, India