Maisat, WiriyaYuki, Koichi2023-07-142023-07-142023-06Maisat Wiriya, Yuki Koichi. Narrative Review of Systemic Inflammatory Response Mechanisms in Cardiac Surgery and Immunomodulatory Role of Anesthetic Agents. International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences. 2023 Jun; 26(2): 133-1420974-51810971-9784http://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/219285Although surgical techniques and perioperative care have made significant advances, perioperative mortality in cardiac surgery remains relatively high. Single? or multiple?organ failure remains the leading cause of postoperative mortality. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a common trigger for organ injury or dysfunction in surgical patients. Cardiac surgery involves major surgical dissection, the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and frequent blood transfusions. Ischemia?reperfusion injury and contact activation from CPB are among the major triggers for SIRS. Blood transfusion can also induce proinflammatory responses. Here, we review the immunological mechanisms of organ injury and the role of anesthetic regimens in cardiac surgeryCardiac surgerycardiopulmonary bypassmortalityorgan injuryvolatile anestheticsJournal ArticleIndiaDivision of Cardiac Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children抯 HospitalDepartments of Anaesthesia andImmunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand