Madoori, PKTejavat, S.2025-05-142025-05-142024-12Madoori PK, Tejavat S.. Beyond Immunuhistochemistry: Molecular Insights Into Round Cell Soft Tissue Tumors . Perspectives in Medical Research. 2024 Dec; 12(12): 4-112348-14472348-229Xhttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/247906Round cell so? ?ssue tumors (RCSTTs) are a diverse group of aggressive malignancies that share overlapping clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical features, posing significant diagnos?c challenges. Recent advances in molec- ular pathology have revolu?onized the understanding and classifica?on of these tumors by iden?fying tumor-specific gene?c altera?ons. This review highlights the role of molec- ular insights in complemen?ng histopathology and immuno- histochemistry to achieve precise diagnosis, risk stra?fica- ?on, and therapeu?c decision-making. Key subtypes, includ- ing Ewing sarcoma, CIC- and BCOR-rearranged sarcomas, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, desmoplas?c small round cell tumor, and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, are dis- cussed with emphasis on their molecular signatures and clin- ical significance. The advent of techniques such as fluo- rescence in situ hybridiza?on (FISH), reverse transcriptase- polymerase chain reac?on (RT-PCR), and next-genera?on sequencing (NGS) has enabled detec?on of gene?c fusions and aberra?ons cri?cal for tumor iden?fica?on and targeted therapies. Integra?on of molecular pathology with tradi- ?onal diagnos?c approaches is essen?al for improving diag- nos?c accuracy, prognos?ca?on, and therapeu?c strategies, paving the way for personalized medicine in the manage- ment of RCSTTs. Full form of ABBREVIATIONS are provided at the end.Chromosomal Aberra?onsMolecular Pathol-ogyRound Cell TumorsTherapeu?c TargetsJournal ArticleIndiaAssociate Professor, Department of Pathology, Parul Ins?tute of Medical Sciences and Research, Parul University, Limda, Waghodia, Vadodara, GujaratDivision of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia