Venkatesh, K KSaghayam, SDevaleenal, BPoongulali, SFlanigan, T PMayer, K HKumarasamy, N2013-01-222013-01-222012-01Venkatesh K K, Saghayam S, Devaleenal B, Poongulali S, Flanigan T P, Mayer K H, Kumarasamy N. Spectrum of malignancies among HIV-infected patients in South India. Indian Journal of Cancer. 2012 Jan-Mar; 49(1): 176-180.http://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/144568Introduction: The current study examines the spectrum of malignancies among HIV-infected South Indians enrolled in a clinical care program. Materials and Methods: We conducted a nested matched case-control study among 42 HIV-infected cases who developed cancer and 82 HIV-infected controls between 1998 and 2008 at a tertiary care HIV care program in South India. Results: The most common types of cancer included non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (38.1%), Hodgkin's lymphoma (16.7%), squamous cell carcinoma (14.3%), and adenocarcinoma (14.3%). The median duration of time from HIV infection to cancer diagnosis was 549 days [interquartile range (IQR): 58-2013]. The nadir CD4 cell count was significantly lower in cases compared to controls (134 cells/μl vs. 169 cells/μl; P = 0.015). Cancer patients were more likely to have a more advanced HIV disease stage at the time of cancer diagnosis compared to control patients (Stage C: 90.5% vs. 49.4%; P<0.0001). Significantly more cancer patients were receiving antiretroviral treatment relative to control patients at the time of cancer diagnosis (92.9% vs. 66.3%; P=0.001). Conclusions: HIV-infected patients who developed cancer had more advanced immunodeficiency at the time of cancer diagnosis and a lower nadir CD4 cell count. It is possible that with the continued roll-out of highly active antiretroviral therapy in India, the incidence of HIV-associated malignancies will decrease.enAIDScancerHIVIndiamalignancyAdenocarcinoma --complicationsAdenocarcinoma --epidemiologyAdultCD4 Lymphocyte CountCarcinoma, Squamous Cell --complicationsCarcinoma, Squamous Cell --epidemiologyCase-Control StudiesFemaleHIV Infections --complicationsHIV Infections --epidemiologyHodgkin Disease --complicationsHodgkin Disease --epidemiologyHumansIndiaLymphoma, Non-Hodgkin --complicationsLymphoma, Non-Hodgkin --epidemiologyMiddle AgedMaleArticle