Gratten, MManning, KDixon, JMorey, FTorzillo, PHanna, JErlich, JAsche, VRiley, I2009-05-272009-05-271994-03-01Gratten M, Manning K, Dixon J, Morey F, Torzillo P, Hanna J, Erlich J, Asche V, Riley I. Upper airway carriage by Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae in Australian aboriginal children hospitalised with acute lower respiratory infection. The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health. 1994 Mar; 25(1): 123-31http://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/31301The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health.When nasopharyngeal secretions from 171 Australian Aboriginal children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) were cultured selectively for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, 136 (79.5%) and 151 (88.3%) children yielded 166 and 254 isolates of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, respectively. In colonized subjects multiple populations of S. pneumoniae (20% of carriage-positive patients) and H. influenzae (55%) were common. Pneumococci belonging to 27 types or groups were identified. H. influenzae serotype b colonized 16.4% of all children studied. More than one half of 152 children tested were excreting antibiotics at the time of admission to hospital. Significantly fewer children with serum antibiotic residues were colonized with S. pneumoniae than were antibiotic free children. Antibiotic usage had no measurable impact on the isolation rate of H. influenzae.engAcute DiseaseAnti-Bacterial Agents --bloodCarrier State --bloodChildChild, PreschoolContinental Population GroupsDrug MonitoringDrug ResiduesDrug UtilizationFemaleHaemophilus Infections --bloodHaemophilus influenzae --classificationHospitalizationHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInfection ControlMaleNasopharynx --microbiologyOceanic Ancestry GroupPneumococcal Infections --bloodRespiratory Tract Infections --bloodSerotypingStreptococcus pneumoniae --classificationJournal Article