Patchanee ChuveeraTeerin Limsopatham2011-02-162011-02-162010-05-262010-05-26Chiang Mai Dental Journal; Vol. 31 No.1 2010; 7-20http://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/130457Traditional treatments of non-vital immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis are apexification with calcium hydroxide or MTA. It induces further development of an apex to close the foramina, but does not promote the thickness of the entire canal wall dentin and root length.  A tooth with thin root dentin and large canal lumen is prone to fracture. A new treatment to regain the vital tissue has recently been introduced. It promotes development of entire canal wall dentin and root length. The advantage of this technique can reinforce the weakened root against fracture. In the early case reports this technique was called “revascularization”. It involves disinfecting the root canal system with minimum irritation of pulp tissue, providing a space or matrix of blood clot into which the cell could grow, and sealing of the coronal access. This review provides case reports, material and procedure, possible mechanism and advance technology in tissue engineering that may lead to success in revascularization.Keywords: Apexification, apexogenesis, immature teeth, open apex, revascularizationen-USChiang Mai Dental JournalReview Article