Meiqing, LeiLimin, LiuZhiming, WangDepei, Wu2020-01-022020-01-022019-04Meiqing Lei, Limin Liu, Zhiming Wang, Depei Wu. Efficacy of high-dose cytarabine and aclarubicin in combination with G-CSF regimen compared to intermediate/high-dose cytarabine and standard-dose cytarabine induction regimen for non-remission acute myeloid leukemia. Indian Journal of Cancer. 2018 Apr; 56(2): 167-1720019-509Xhttp://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/190223BACKGROUND: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with non-remission (NR) after the first cycle of standard induction chemotherapy remain a challenge owing to poor response and tolerance to re-induction regimen. We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of three regimens in AML patients refractory to the first course of standard induction regimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The three regimens consisted of (1) High-dose cytarabine, aclarubicin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (HD-CAG) regimen (n = 44); (2) intermediate/high-dose cytarabine (I/HDAC) regimen (n = 30); and (3) standard-dose cytarabine (SDAC) combination regimen that was identical to the first course of standard induction regimen (n = 27). RESULTS: Results indicated that after the second course, the overall response (OR), i.e., complete remission [CR]+partial remission [PR]) rates in HD-CAG was higher than in the I/HDAC group (84.1% vs. 56.7%, P = 0.009), whereas the CR rates among 3 groups were not statistically different (P = 0.541). Meanwhile, the proportion of subjects reporting certain adverse effects in the HD-CAG group was lower than the I/HDAC or SDAC groups. There were no significant differences in overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates among the 3 groups (P = 0.881 and P = 0.872, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results indicate that HD-CAG regimen may represent a better alternative option for AML patients with NR after the first course of standard induction chemotherapy.Journal ArticleIndiaDepartment of Hematology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Suzhou Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou; Department of Hematology in Haikou Municipal People's Hospital, Affiliated Haikou Hospital Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Haikou, ChinaDepartment of Hematology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Suzhou Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou, ChinaDepartment of Hematology in Haikou Municipal People's Hospital, Affiliated Haikou Hospital Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Haikou, China