Farookh, SSKamath, LKR, R.2025-05-142025-05-142024-11Farookh SS, Kamath L, KR R.. Efficacy and safety of metformin immediate release versus extended release in drug naive patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial . National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2024 Nov; 14(11): 2384-23902231-32062320-4672https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/247851Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of metformin immediate release (IR) versus metformin extended release (ER) in patients with type 2 Diabetes. Materials and Methods: In this parallel-group, comparative, open-label clinical study, patients (n = 70) were as- signed to two groups: 35 patients were randomized to receive Metformin IR 500 mg tablet orally twice daily and the remaining 35 patients to receive Metformin ER 1000 mg tablet orally once daily for 12 weeks. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were recorded at the start and end of the study. Results: There was a significant decrease in FPG, PPG, and HbA1c glycemic parameters from baseline to week 12 in both Metformin IR and Metformin ER groups but the difference was not statistically significant between the groups. Incidence of adverse effects was less reported with the extended-release formulation. All patients tolerated both the formulations of metformin with good compliance. Conclusion: In this study, both Metformin IR and ER formulations demonstrated similar efficacy in improving gly- cemic control in drug naïve patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the ER formulation exhibited a superior safety profile, characterized by a reduced incidence of adverse effects, thereby improving drug compliance.Metformin extended releaseMetformin immediate releaseGlycemic efficacyTolerabilityType 2 diabetesJournal ArticleIndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, IndiaDepartment of Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, India