Pundir, ASJuyal, RShikha, DMishra, ASingh, P.2025-06-182025-06-182025-03Pundir AS, Juyal R, Shikha D, Mishra A, Singh P.. Determinants of Drug Resistance Among Tuberculosis Patients: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study. Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine, Gujarat Chapter. 2025 Mar; 16(1): 45-502229-337X2320-1525https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/248296Introduction: Tuberculosis is a public health concern for developing and low-income countries including India. The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis has added to the already existing economic and social burden. Objective: To assess the determinants of drug resistance among tuberculosis patients attending the tertiary care hospital Method: A hospital-based case-control study was carried out with sample size of 220 in a tertiary care institution, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, over the span of one year. Convenient sampling method was used to identify the cases and matched controls were selected with 1:1 ratio from patients visiting the outpatient department of the hospital. Data collection involved face-to-face interviews using a pretested structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows. Results: The majority of study subjects belonged to the age group of 15-34 years. Higher numbers of DR-TB cases were found to have Diabetes mellitus (14.5%) as compared to controls (9.1%). The risk involved in development of drug resistance was approximately 4 times higher in TB contacts and it was statistically significant (p-value 0.027). Higher number of DR-TB cases reported having TB in the past (66.3%) as compared to controls (20%). The majority of cases (48.2%) were found to be underweight as compared to controls (10.1%). Conclusion: Risk of development of DR-TB among diabetic cases was 1.7 times more in comparison to controls. The risk of development of drug resistance was 7.8 times more in subjects who had TB in the past. Underweight cases were more susceptible to developing DR-TB (OR 4.9; p<0.0001).Case-control studyDeterminantsDrug ResistanceTuberculosisJournal ArticleIndiaAssistant Professor, Community Medicine Department, Gautam Buddha Chikitsa Mahavidyalaya, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IndiaProfessor, Community Medicine Department, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IndiaProfessor, Community Medicine Department, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IndiaAssistant Professor, Community Medicine Department, Gautam Buddha Chikitsa Mahavidyalaya, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IndiaAssistant Professor, Community Medicine Department, Gautam Buddha Chikitsa Mahavidyalaya, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India