A retrospective analysis of adverse drug reactions in a tertiary care teaching hospital at Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
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Date
2015-01
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Abstract
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are one of the major causes of hospital
admissions. The objective of this study was to ascertain the various ADRs occurring
in a tertiary care teaching hospital at Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
Methods: The ADRs were collected from January 2010 to June 2014 by the
Department of Pharmacology in Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical & Health
Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. A total of 123 ADRs were collected, analyzed and
assessed on WHO causality assessment scale.
Results: A total of 123 ADRs were assessed. Male:female ratio was 1.5:1. Age-wise
distribution of ADRs was done: 0-15 years had 15 (12.19%), 16-30 had 50 (40.65%),
31-45 showed 25 (20.32%), 46-60 years 22 (17.88%) and >60 years had 11 (8.94%).
112 (91.05%) ADRs were serious, and 11 (8.94%) were non-serious. As per the
WHO causality assessment scale, 91 (73.98%) ADRs were probable, 30 (24.39%)
were possible, and 2 (1.62%) were certain. Most commonly occurring ADRs were
fixed drug eruption in 42 (34.14%) patients, erythematous maculopapular rash
in 20 (16.26%) patients and urticarial rash in 15 (12.19%) patients, followed by
others. The drugs most frequently associated with ADRs were non-steroidal antiinflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs), fluoroquinolones, penicillins, cephalosporins and
phenytoin sodium, followed by others.
Conclusions: Majority of ADRs were probable according to WHO causality
assessment scale. Most common ADR was fixed drug eruption. Most frequent drugs
associated with ADRs were NSAIDs. ADRs contribute to increased morbidity and
mortality in patients; thereby pose a huge burden on the society.
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Keywords
WHO causality assessment scale, Adverse drug reaction, Fixed drug eruption, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Citation
Dutta Shakti B, Beg Mirza Atif, Bawa Shalu, Anjoom Mohammed, Varma Amit, Singh Nand K, Mehta Anil K, Kudesia Sandip K. A retrospective analysis of adverse drug reactions in a tertiary care teaching hospital at Dehradun, Uttarakhand. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. 2015 Jan-Feb; 4(1): 121-124.