The validity of self-reported helmet use among motorcyclists in India.

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dc.contributor.authorShirin, Wadhwaniya
dc.contributor.authorShivam, Gupta
dc.contributor.authorShailaja, Tetali
dc.contributor.authorLakshmi, K Josyula
dc.contributor.authorGopalkrishna, Gururaj
dc.contributor.authorAdnan, A Hyder
dc.date.accessioned2016-02-08T11:00:53Z
dc.date.available2016-02-08T11:00:53Z
dc.date.issued2015-01
dc.description.abstractBackground: Motorcyclists are the most vulnerable vehicle users in India. No published study has assessed the validity of self-reported estimates of helmet use in India. The objectives of this study were to assess helmet use by comparing observed and self-reported use and to identify factors influencing use among motorcyclists in Hyderabad, India. Methods: Population-based observations were recorded for 68 229 motorcyclists and 21 777 pillion riders (co-passengers). Concurrent roadside observations and interviews were conducted with 606 motorcyclists, who were asked whether they “always wear a helmet”. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine factors influencing helmet use. Results: In the population-based study, 22.6% (n = 15,426) of motorcyclists and 1.1% (n = 240) of pillion riders (co-passengers) were observed wearing helmets. In roadside interviews, 64.7% (n = 392) of the respondents reported always wearing a helmet, 2.2 times higher than the observed helmet use (29.4%, n = 178) in the same group. Compared with riders aged ≥40 years, riders in the age groups 30–39 years and 18–29 years had respectively 40% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.4 to 1.0, P < 0.05) and 70% (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.5, P < 0.001) lower odds of wearing a helmet after controlling for other covariates. Riders with postgraduate or higher education had higher odds of wearing a helmet (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 4.1, 95% CI: 2.5 to 6.9, P < 0.001) than those with fewer than 12 grades of schooling. After adjusting for other covariates, younger riders also had 40% (95% CI: 0.3 to 0.9, P < 0.05) lower odds of self-reporting helmet use, while those with postgraduate or higher education had 2.1 times higher odds (95% CI: 1.3 to 3.3, P < 0.01) of reporting that they always wear a helmet. Police had stopped only 2.3% of respondents to check helmet use in the three months prior to the interview. Conclusion: Observed helmet use is low in Hyderabad, yet a larger proportion of motorcyclists claim to always wear a helmet, which suggests that observational studies can provide more valid estimates of helmet use. Interview findings suggest that a combination of increased enforcement, targeted social marketing and increased supply of standard helmets could be a strategy to increase helmet use in Hyderabad.en_US
dc.identifier.citationWHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health 2015;4(1&2): 38-44.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2224-3151
dc.identifier.issn2304-5272
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/172111
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWHO Regional Office for South-East Asiaen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.searo.who.int/publications/journals/seajph/issues/thevalidityofselfreportedhelmethelmetuseamongmotocyclistinindia.pdf?ua=1en_US
dc.subjectIndiaen_US
dc.subjecthelmeten_US
dc.subjectmotorcycleen_US
dc.subjectroad safetyen_US
dc.subjectroad traffic injuryen_US
dc.titleThe validity of self-reported helmet use among motorcyclists in India.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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