Intellectual Disability in Indian Children: Experience with a Stratified Approach for Etiological Diagnosis.
Loading...
Date
2013-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinico-etiological profile of children with
intellectual disability using an algorithmic approach.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: Tertiary care centre in Northern India.
Participants: Consecutive children aged 3 months to 12 years,
presenting with intellectual disability, confirmed by Developmental
Assessment Scale for Indian Infants, Binet Kulshreshtha Test and
Vineland Social Maturity Scale.
Method: All children were assessed on an internally validated
structured proforma. A targeted approach included thyroid
function tests, Brainstem evoked response audiometry,
electroencephalogram, neuroimaging and metabolic screen done
as a pre-decided schema. Genetic tests included karyotyping,
molecular studies for Fragile X, Multiplex Ligation Dependent
Probe Amplification and Array Comparative Genomic
Hybridisation.
Results: Data of 101 children (median age 22 months) was
analyzed. The etiological yield was 82.1% with genetic causes
being the most common (61.4%) followed by perinatal acquired
(20.4%), CNS malformations (12%), external prenatal (3.6%),
and postnatal acquired (2.4%). Mild delay was seen in 11.7%,
moderate in 21.7%, severe in 30.6% and profound in 35.6%.
Conclusion: It is possible to ascertain the diagnosis in most of
the cases of intellectual disability using a judicious and sequential
battery of tests.
Description
Keywords
Children, India, Etiology, Intellectual disability
Citation
Jain Silky, Chowdhury Veena, Juneja Monica, Kabra Madhulika, Pandey Sanjeev, Singh Ankur, Bhattacharya Malobika, Kapoor Seema. Intellectual Disability in Indian Children: Experience with a Stratified Approach for Etiological Diagnosis. Indian Pediatrics. 2013 December; 50(12): 1125-1130.