Interactions between ethylene, abscisic acid and cytokinin during germination and seedling establishment in Arabidopsis.
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2010-09
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Abstract
In order to investigate the interaction of the plant hormones ethylene, abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin in seed
germination and early seedling development, we studied germination in ethylene-related mutants of Arabidopsis.
Mutations in the genes etr1 and ein2, which reduce ethylene responses, showed increased dormancy and a delay in
germination in comparison with wild type. Mutations in etr1, ein2 and ein6 also resulted in increased sensitivity to ABA
with respect to inhibition of germination. Conversely, mutations in ctr1 and eto3, which lead to an increased ethylene
response and overproduction of ethylene, respectively, decreased sensitivity to ABA during germination. Increased ABA
sensitivity was also effected in wild type seeds by the presence during germination of AgNO
3
, an inhibitor of ethylene
action. The addition of the cytokinin N-6 benzyl adenine (BA) reversed the increased sensitivity of ethylene-resistant
mutants to ABA. The action of cytokinin in reversing increased ABA sensitivity of ethylene-resistant mutants also
suggests that at least part of the action of cytokinin in promoting germination is independent of its role in stimulating
ethylene production. These observations further extend the evidence in support of interaction between ethylene, ABA
and cytokinin signalling in controlling seed germination and early seedling development in Arabidopsis.
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Subbiah Veeraputhiran, Karingu Janardhan Reddy. Interactions between ethylene, abscisic acid and cytokinin during germination and seedling establishment in Arabidopsis.Journal of Biosciences. 2010 Sep; 35(3): 451-458.