Surface micromorphological changes of glass ionomer following application of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride: A scanning electron microscope study.
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Date
2014-07
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Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface micromorphological changes
of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji II, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) and high
strength, high viscosity GIC (Fuji IX GP, GC Corporation) subjected to 1.23% acidulated phosphate
fluoride (APF) gel for 4 min. It also evaluated the surface micromorphological changes that
occurred in these materials when they were coated with a layer of glass ionomer varnish prior
to the application of 1.23% APF gel.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 uniform glass ionomer cylinders were prepared (30 of each
Fuji II and Fuji IX) and stored in distilled water for 48 h, following which they were divided
into six groups depending on the surface treatment. Group 1: Fuji II alone, Group 2: Fuji IX
alone, Group 3: Fuji II + 1.23% APF gel for 4 min, Group 4: Fuji IX + 1.23% APF gel for 4 min,
Group 5: Fuji II + varnish + 1.23% APF gel for 4 min, and Group 6: Fuji IX + varnish + 1.23%
APF gel for 4 min. After the required surface treatment had been done, the specimens were
mounted, coated, and evaluated under scanning electron microscope.
Statistical Analysis: Kruskal–Wallis test applied to compare the level of degradation among
the groups subjected to treatment was highly significant (P < 0.001). Mann–Whitney test was
applied to test the association between glass ionomer varnish and level of surface degradation
and was also statistically significant (P = 0.001).
Results: The results indicated that APF gel etched the surface of both Fuji II and Fuji IX. However,
Fuji IX showed to possess better resistance to the erosive effect of APF than Fuji II. It was also
observed that application of glass ionomer varnish prior to APF gel application protected the
glass ionomer from the erosive effect of APF gel.
Conclusion: APF gel caused erosive wear of the GICs esp. Fuji II. Hence, it is advisable to avoid
the use of APF containing preparations for regular home use especially in children having
glass ionomer restoration. If APF gel is indicated or preferred for professional application, it is
recommended to apply glass ionomer varnish on the restored teeth prior to the APF gel application.
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Keywords
Acidulated phosphate fluoride gel, glass ionomer varnish, glass ionomers
Citation
Khosla Ektah, Kuriakose Sobha, Suderasen Chintu. Surface micromorphological changes of glass ionomer following application of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride: A scanning electron microscope study. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2014 Jul-Aug; 25(4): 493-498.