Universal Leukoreduction Decreases the Incidence of Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reactions to Cellular Blood Components: A 5 Year Study.

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Date
2014-11
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Abstract
Background: Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs) are common complications associated with allogenic transfusion and it is caused by the leucocytes and cytokines released by leucocytes during storage of blood/ blood components. These reactions are generally not life threatening, but they are expensive in their management, evaluation, and associated blood-product wastage. 1st log prestorage universal leukoreduction (ULR) i.e. removal of Buffy coat is a useful and effective procedure in developing countries to control FNHTRs significantly. Aims and Objects: To know the efficacy of pre-storage 1st log universal leuckoreduction in controlling febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs). Place and Duration of Study: Study was carried out at Blood Bank, Department of Pathology, G. R. Medical College, Gwalior from January 2009 to December 2013 (5years). Materials and Methods: Study was divided into control group (Year: 2009) and study group (Years: 2010-13). 14,292 recipients in control group and 45,064 in study group were transfused with non-leukoreduced and prestorage 1st log leukoreduced blood/ blood components respectively. Usefulness of prestorage 1st log ULR over non-leukoreduced blood/ blood components was observed, compared and discussed. Result: In the control group 610 (4.26%) out of 14,292 (p=0.0003) and in study group 381(0.84%) out of 45,064 (p=0.0003) recipients were reported to have FNHTRs. The comparative study showed significant reduction in FNHTRs from 4.26% to 0.84% (↓ 3.42%) (p=0.000001). Conclusion: 1st log Universal Leukoreduction (ULR) is a better option over Selective Leukoreduction (SLR) to prevent FNHTRs and it also helps the transfusion services of under-resourced developing countries in many ways.
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Blood transfusion, universal leukoreduction, selective leukoreduction, febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction
Citation
Sharma Dharmesh Chandra, Rai Sunita, Gupta Shruti, Jain Bharat. Universal Leukoreduction Decreases the Incidence of Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reactions to Cellular Blood Components: A 5 Year Study. International Blood Research & Reviews. 2014 Nov-dec:2(6): 279-288.