Browsing by Author "Yadav, R"
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Item Acute haemodynamic effects of nicorandil in patients with chronic severe regurgitant valvular lesions.(1998-03-12) Yadav, R; Bhargava, B; Aggarwal, R; Narang, R; Chopra, A; Sapra, R; Manchanda, S CThe haemodynamic effects of nicorandil, a new balanced vasodilator exhibiting nitrate-like as well as potassium-channel opening activity in patients with chronic severe valvular lesions have not been reported. We studied the acute effect of nicorandil on haemodynamics in 12 stable patients (6 males, 6 females; mean age 23.5 +/- 4.6 years) with chronic severe valvular regurgitation (8 mitral, 4 aortic). All patients were studied in resting, supine and fasting states. All cardioactive drugs were withdrawn five days prior to the study. Intra-arterial line was placed and thermodilution catheter was positioned in the pulmonary artery. Haemodynamic parameters recorded at baseline and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes following a single oral dose of 20 mg nicorandil revealed no significant change in the heart rate while systemic pressures showed a small decline (p < 0.05). There was significant reduction in systolic, diastolic and mean pulmonary artery pressures (p < 0.001). The mean cardiac index increased from 3.16 L/min/m2 at baseline to 3.77 L/min/m2 at 60 minutes. Both the pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance indices reduced significantly, the peak fall being 18 percent and 29 percent, respectively. Maximal changes were observed at 60 to 90 minutes following administration of nicorandil. No adverse effect of nicorandil occurred during the study. We conclude that nicorandil has a favourable acute haemodynamic effect in patients with chronic severe valve regurgitation. Its long-term use in valvular lesions should be explored further.Item Anaesthetic management of tracheal agenesis.(2008-12-17) Bhattarai, B; Pratap, A; Yadav, R; Pokharel, KTracheal agenesis is a rare but uniformly fatal congenital condition that obstetricians, neonatologists or anaesthesiologists may encounter as an unexpected emergency. Ventilation with bag and mask or through an endotracheal tube placed in the oesophagus may be the only options left for immediate survival and evaluation. Ventilation and maintenance of adequate oxygenation can be difficult during surgical interventions. We report a case of neonate in which ventilation and anaesthesia were maintained through an endotracheal tube in the oesophagus and frequent episodes of drop in oxygen saturation were observed during surgery. Anaesthetic management, airway and other issues are discussed.Item Annual Risk of Tuberculosis Infection Among the Tribal Children of Jhabua, Madhya Pradesh.(2011-01) Yadav, R; Rao, V G; Bhat, J; Gopi, P G; Wares, D FA cross sectional tuberculin survey was undertaken to estimate the Annual Risk of Tuberculosis Infection (ARTI) amongst tribal children aged 1-9 years in Jhabua district, Madhya Pradesh, India. Of the 1056 test-read children, 774 (73.3 %) had no BCG scar. The prevalence of infection was estimated as 6.3% (95% CI: 4.8-7.7) and ARTI as 1.2 % (95% CI: 0.9-1.5). The findings suggest that the tuberculosis situation in the tribal population of Jhabua district is not that different from the situation among the non-tribal population in the country. However, there is a need to further intensify tuberculosis control measures in the area.Item Arsenic contamination in the food chain: A threat to food security and human health(Open Science Publishers LLP, 2023-07) Singh, S; Yadav, R; Sharma, S; Singh, AN.Arsenic is a toxic metalloid naturally found in the earth’s crust and released into the environment through natural and anthropogenic activities. Arsenic becomes exceptionally toxic even at low exposure levels because of its high water solubility and bioaccumulation tendency in different environmental matrices. Crops receiving arsenic contaminated irrigation water accumulate it in different degrees depending on the species and variety. Consumption of contaminated crops and drinking water has been identified as important routes for its transfer into the food chain. Besides, consuming seafood and livestock-based food products such as meat and milk from arsenic endemic regions also contributes to the food chain transfer and contamination. The literature clearly indicates that the toxic effect of arsenic in any food product is highly dependent on its chemical speciation. Inorganic arsenic compounds are generally more toxic than organic forms. On consumption of contaminated food products and water, only the bioavailable form of arsenic goes directly into human body and interferes with different metabolic pathways. Thus, prolonged arsenic toxicity leads to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks such as arsenicosis, cancers, hepatotoxicity, kidney failure, and skin diseases. Therefore, this review highlights the distribution and mobility of arsenic in soil-plant system, its bioavailability in plant and livestock-based food products, arsenic transfer into the food chain, and human health risks. In the current state when arsenic has emerged as a worldwide threat, an integrated strategy is urgently required to combat arsenic contamination, mandating the creation of national and international action strategies for arsenic contamination mitigation.Item Association of intermediate Nugent Score and bacterial vaginosis with sexually transmitted infections and vulvovaginal candidiasis(Scientific Scholar on behalf of Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists & Leprologists, 2024-06) Sethi, S; Yadav, R; Sharma, N; Dadwal, R; Chaudary, H; Kaur, K; Saini, A; Malhotra, S; Rathore, S; Bagga, R.Background: Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal syndrome among females, which leads to significant morbidity and complications, if left untreated. The association of bacterial vaginosis with various sexually transmitted infections has been mentioned in previous literature. However, studies on the intermediate Nugent Score are lacking. This study was planned to examine the association of sexually transmitted infections with the intermediate Nugent Score. Materials and Methods: The study included was conducted to include females presenting with vaginal discharge, burning micturition, itching, lower abdominal pain and infertility. The Nugent scoring was used to categorize patients into those having normal flora, intermediate or bacterial vaginosis. Conventional and molecular techniques targeting Trichomonas vag- inalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Syphilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and vulvo- vaginal candidiasis were performed. Results: A total of 3,531 clinical samples were collected from females with a median age of 28.0 years. The number of pa- tients with bacterial vaginosis and intermediate Nugent Score and positive cases were significantly higher in the 21–35 years age group (P < 0.0001). We observed that the likelihood of test results being positive for Trichomonas vaginalis was higher (P < 0.05), as the abnormality of the vaginal flora increased. Mycoplasma hominis was observed to be significantly higher in the intermediate Nugent Score group than the BV-positive patients (0.6 vs 0.2, P = 0.002). The number of vulvovaginal candidia- sis cases in both the bacterial vaginosis-negative and bacterial vaginosis-positive groups were nearly the same (9.3 vs 9.8%). Limitations: Individual follow-up couldn’t be performed on the patients. Conclusions: We observed that the dysbiosis in vaginal microbiota, with an increase in Nugent scoring, was significantly associated with an increased risk for the acquisition of sexually transmitted infections and vulvovaginal candidiasis.Item B-Lynch brace suture: an effective method of conservative surgical management for placenta increta.(2004-04-12) Chaudhary, P; Sharma, S; Yadav, R; Dhaubhadel, PPlacenta accreta is defined as an abnormal adherence, either in whole or in part, of the afterbirth to the underlying uterine wall. Placenta increta occurs when the placenta invades deeply into the myometrium. Placenta increta is a life threatening condition. We report a case of placenta increta managed by unilateral uterine artery and ovarian artery ligation followed by B-Lynch Brace suturing of the uterus to control bleeding from the placental bed.Item Bilateral choanal atresia--respiratory emergency in a neonate.(2001-12-23) Yadav, S P; Yadav, R; Singh, J; Asruddin,Bilateral choanal atresia is potentially a fatal respiratory emergency in a newborn. A 2-day-old full term male infant was presented with history of attacks of cyanosis, difficulty in suckling and respiration. On examination cyclical change of body colour, ie, alternating cyanosis and normal colour was observed. CT scan of the base of the skull revealed bilateral choanal atresia. The patient underwent choanal canalisation operation by transnasal route using Lichtwitz trocar and cannula with controlled force.Item Cardiovascular Images. Unusual migration of proximally detached pacemaker lead into the coronary sinus.(2003-01-23) Anandaraja, S; Naik, N; Yadav, R; Juneja, R; Talwar, K KItem Carotid intimomedial thickness in type 2 diabetic patients and its correlation with coronary risk factors.(2008-08-05) Agarwal, A K; Gupta, P K; Singla, S; Garg, U; Prasad, A; Yadav, RAIMS: To compare the carotid intimal-medial thickness in type 2 diabetics with and without coronary artery disease (CAD), and to correlate the intimal-medial thickness (IMT) with known coronary risk factors. METHODS: One hundred and eleven patients of type 2 diabetes were recruited for the study. History and physical examination were recorded. Laboratory investigations included fasting and 2-hour post-prandial blood sugar, blood urea, serum creatinine, lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin, and microalbuminuria. Ultrasonographic scanning of the carotid arteries was performed to measure the carotid IMT. For identification of cases of silent ischaemia, treadmill test (TMT) was performed. RESULTS: The study group was divided into a non-CAD group (n=40), and a CAD group (n=71). The mean carotid IMT of the group as a whole, was 0.840 +/- 0.2 mm. The mean carotid IMT was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in type 2 diabetics with CAD (both overt and silent) than in those without CAD. In diabetics with CAD, the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides were found to be predictors of high mean carotid IMT. On subgroup analysis of the cases with silent ischaemia, the variables affecting carotid IMT were serum creatinine, total cholesterol, microalbuminuria/proteinuria, serum triglyceride levels, and diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSION: A high carotid IMT is a surrogate and reliable marker of higher risk of CAD amongst type 2 diabetic patients, even in those without overt CAD. The study underlines the utility of carotid IMT as a simple, non-invasive, safe, and cheap screening test for the assessment of risk/prognosis of CAD in type 2 diabetics. We have also demonstrated the usefulness of measuring IMT, as a means to detect silent CAD among type 2 diabetics.Item A case report of gastric cancer with brain metastasis(Mansa STM Publishers, 2025-02) Saini, R; Kumar, R; Yadav, R; Yadav, RK; Singh, P; Majhi, S.It’s rare for gastric cancer to present with brain metastasis. A case of gastric cancer with multiple brain metastases is described in the current investigation. To the best of our knowledge, there are very few reports of brain metastasis from gastric cancer. In April 2021, a 48-year-old man presented with complaints of abdominal pain, headache, lack of appetite, and weight loss history. Diagnosed as a case of moderately differentiated, Her2 neu negative gastric cancer with liver and brain metastasis after workup. Brain metastasis was confirmed through contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was treated with palliative fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel regimen of chemotherapy and whole-brain radiation at a total dose of 30 gray in 10 fractions. The patient survived for the next 19 months. According to this case study, gastric cancer may present with a brain metastasis and survival of those patients can be increased if given the advantage of radiotherapy and palliative chemotherapy.Item Cleidocranial dysplasia.(1995-05-01) Sharma, A; Yadav, R; Ahlawat, KItem A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Lactoferrin + Disodium Guanosine Monophosphate Therapy in the Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease(Journal of Indian Medical Association, 2025-01) Yadav, R; Sangha, SS; Yadav, S; Sharma, P; Shah, H; Bhowmik, D.Introduction: India is impacted by the increasing burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), necessitating efficient management and therapy. CKD is characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers, specifically IL-1?, IL-1RA, IL-6, TNF-?, TGF-?, and fibrinogen. The aim of this research is to determine the antiinflammatory effects of lactoferrin + disodium guanosine monophosphate therapy in CKD patients. The objective of this study is to examine the efficacy of this therapy versus conservative CKD management alone in reducing inflammation. This study intends to examine the possible benefits of study drug in treating inflammation associated with CKD by analyzing its effect on inflammatory markers including IL-6 and TNF-?. Methods: This randomized, open-label, parallel group, two-arm clinical study, comprising of 40 patients with CKD, with 20 patients in each group. The groups were well-matched in terms of demographic characteristics. Conception, screening, randomization, and follow-up visits including physical examinations, laboratory investigations, and medication dispensation were all carried out over a 29-week period. Creatinine clearance, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), estimated urine urea nitrogen, and inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-?, CRP) were analyzed at time of screening and at 3 and 6-month postrandomization. Results: The study found a significant decrease in inflammatory markers, including TNF-?, IL-6, and IL-10, in the group receiving study drug, indicating its potential as an antiinflammatory intervention for managing CKD. Secondary endpoints, including hemoglobin (Hb) and e-GFR levels, showed nonsignificant improvements in the study group compared to the control group. No significant adverse events were reported during the study. Conclusion: The study highlights the potential antiinflammatory effects of the lactoferrin + disodium guanosine monophosphate therapy in individuals with CKD. The findings suggest that study drug may be a viable intervention for managing inflammation in CKD patients. Further research is needed to validate these results and explore its long-term effects in CKD management.Item Comparative evaluation of fine needle aspiration cytology and biopsy of testis in diagnosis of male infertility.(1997-05-01) Yadav, S P; Gopal, M; Chadha, I; Gulati, P; Sharma, R; Marya, S K; Yadav, RInfertility has a fair degree of male factor contribution in its aetiology, hence needs complete evaluation of male partner especially the status of spermatogenesis. In the present study comparative evaluation of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and biopsy of testis showed 90% accuracy of FNAC in respect of histopathological diagnosis of spermatogenesis. FNAC is a safe, fairly accurate, outdoor investigation in infertile man and it is devoid of the complications of haematoma formation, suppression of spermatogenesis and antigenic stimulation as seen with testicular biopsy.Item A Comparative Study of the Effects of Biofertilizers and Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Physical and Biological Properties under Chickpea Crop (Cicer arietinum L.)(Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2024-03) Patel, KK; Pandey, AK; Baheliya, AK; Singh, V; Yadav, R; Pandey, S; Adesh; Yadav, V.This study investigated the impact of solid biofertilizers and organic ameliorants on soil biological properties and chickpea yield. The experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm of ANDUA&T Ayodhya India during the Rabi season of 2020-2021. The experiment was comprised of eleven treatments, control (T1); (T2); chemical fertilizers 100% RDF; (T3)chemical fertilizers 50% RDF (T4); FYM +Jeevamrit (T5); Agro residue Mulch + FYM + Jeevamrit (T6); Rhizobium +PSB (T7); FYM + Jeevamrit + Rhizobium +PSB (T8); T3 + FYM + Jeevamrit T9; T3 + T5, T10; T3 + T6, T11; T3 + T4 + T6, were replicated thrice in RBD. Chickpea variety KPG-59 was taken as test crop. The results showed that the application of solid biofertilizers and organic ameliorants with chemical fertilizer significantly improved some soil biological properties. The treatments that included FYM and Rhizobium + PSB showed the greatest improvements in soil health as well as chickpea yield. Soil properties as EC, OC and OM were found to be significant while physical property were non-significant.Item Coronary angiography using 4 French catheters with power injection: a randomized comparison with 6 French catheters.(2002-03-28) Arora, Parneesh; Naik, Nitish; Bahl, V K; Mishra, S; Yadav, R; Sharma, S; Manchanda, S CBACKGROUND: Coronary angiography using 4 F catheters may reduce access-site complications and enable early ambulation, although earlier studies suggested that the quality of images may be an issue of concern. METHODS AND RESULTS: To ascertain the quality of angiographic images and safety of early ambulation, 500 patients were randomized to coronary angiography with either 4 F or 6 F catheters. Procedural characteristics, angiographic quality scores and results of ambulation were analyzed in the two groups. Patients in the 4 F group were mobilized at 2 hours post-procedure while those in the 6 F group were ambulated at 6 hours. There was no procedure-related complication in either group. The procedure was successfully completed in 250 of 252 patients randomized to the 4 F group. In two patients in the 4 F group, sheaths were upgraded to 6 F to complete the procedure, as difficulty was encountered in hooking the coronary ostium with a 4 F Judkin's catheter. Coronary angiographic quality scores in these two groups were comparable. Angiographic scores for the 4 F and 6 F groups for the left coronary artery averaged 4.45+/-0.5 and 4.58+/-0.3 (p>0.1), respectively. The right coronary artery scores averaged 4.30+/-0.4 and 4.35+/-0.2 (p>0.1) in the 4 F and 6 F groups. Angiographic scores for the left ventricular angiogram averaged 4.22+/-0.1 and 4.44+/-0.3 (p>0.1) in the 4 F and 6 F groups, respectively. None of the angiograms were assigned a score of <3.0 (not diagnostic). The total contrast volume consumed in the two groups was also equivalent. There were no groin-related complications in the 4 F group although these patients were ambulated 2 hours after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Coronary angiography performed with a 4 F catheter is a safe and reliable procedure. The quality of image obtained with a 4 F catheter is equivalent to that obtained with a 6 F catheter. Early ambulation at 2 hours is feasible without compromising safety.Item Correlation of Helicobacter pylori virulence genotype & severity of mucosal inflammation in gastric biopsies from two geographically diverse regions in India(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2022-09) Sharma, N; Das, P; Das, R; Mahant, S; Kalaivani, M; Yadav, R; Rajeshwari, M; Kedia, S; Makharia, GK; Saraya, A; Gupta, SD; Ahuja, V.Background: H. pylori-associated gastritis in patients from the high-altitude area of Ladakh showed severe gastritis, mucosal nodularity, atrophy, and cancer in comparison to those from North India. This study served to analyze if differences in the H. pylori virulence genotypes decide the extent of gastric mucosal inflammation. Methods: Fifty gastric biopsies each from patients with H. pylori-associated gastritis from Ladakh and a tertiary care center in North India were included. The presence of H. pylori strain was confirmed with Warthin starry stain and polymerase chain amplification of the H. pylori-specific 16S rRNA. The cagA, vacA s1, s2, and m1, m2 alleles, and dupA virulence genotypes were studied in all archival samples, followed by their histological correlations. Results: cagA (P 0.009) and vacAs1 m1 (P 0.009) genes were distinctly more in H. pylori strains colonizing the biopsies of North Indian patients. In contrast, the cagA -ve vacAs2 m2 strains were significantly more in H. pylori strain colonizing the biopsies from Ladakhi patients. dupA genotype was almost similarly present in strains from both regions. Among these, only cagA and dupA virulence genes were associated with severe mucosal neutrophilic activity and deep infiltration of H. pylori strains in North Indian patients. Conclusions: Differences in virulence genotypes of H. pylori in gastric biopsies from North Indian and Ladakhi patients were found not significant in deciding the severity of H. pylori-associated gastritis.Item Covid-19 Morbidity amongst Covishield Vaccinated Vs Non-Vaccinated: A Comparative Study(Medsci Publications, 2022-02) Yadav, V; Kumar, P; Kushal, A; Yadav, R; Anjali, P.Introduction: Covid-19 pandemic is further spreading its leg in India. Indigenous Covishield vaccination drive was started to protect people from the disease. Objective: This observational cross sectional study was conducted to assess the morbidity and mortality pattern amongst Covishield vaccinated people Vs non-vaccinated patients of covid19. Methodology: This observation study was conducted in a dedicated covid-19 hospital. All RTPCR covid-19 patients were included. The data on vaccination against covid-19 amongst the patients was obtained, and analysed using statistical software. Results: The study population comprised of 155 cases of confirmed covid-19 patients of which 24 (15.48%) were fully vaccinated, however 41 (26.45%) and 90 (58.06%) were partially and non-vaccinated respectively. Fully vaccinated people were protected from development of severe form of disease (X2=9.57, d.f=2, p=0.0083). Mortality was significantly less amongst vaccinated group (X2=4.83, d.f=1, p= 0.028). Conclusion: Patients who are completely vaccinated with Covishield vaccine are protected from development of severe form of diseases and deaths and hence mass vaccination of Indian population to overcome the pandemic is required at the earliest.Item Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and its Determinants among Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospitals, in the Western Part of India(Society for Scientific Research, 2024-12) Koria, B; Bhimani, S; Patel, RH; Patel, RK; Yadav, R; Bhatt, R; Sharma, R.Background: Vitiligo, is an autoimmune disease resulting in white patches over the skin. It is an important skin disease that has a major impact on the quality of life of patients. It significantly lowers sufferers' quality of life resulting in anguish, shame, insults, seclusion etc. In younger individuals, vitiligo affects relationships, employment, and everyday activities. Stress, depression, and low self-esteem are caused by the psychological load of vitiligo. Social stigma and discrimination have a negative influence on one's QoL. Lots of studies have been conducted in QoL among Vitiligo patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done among vitiligo patients coming for treatment at a tertiary care hospital. A structured proforma was used to collect the data from July to September 2021. data collection, data were entered in Microsoft Excel. Percentages and proportion, tests were used to analyse the data. Jamovi 2.4.11 software used to analyse the data Results: It was observed that 15-29 years and 60 plus were less in number to come to take treatment (10%, 12.55 % consequently). It was observed that female's Dermatology life quality Index was more affected as compared to males (median female 2.5>male 1; p<0.05). Those who have studied up to the secondary level had a more compromised quality of life as compared to those studied above the secondary level, (median up to secondary 3>Above secondary 1; p<0.05). No significant correlation was found between age, income and DQLI. Conclusion: Gender and education significantly impact vitiligo patients' quality of life, underscoring the need for targeted psychological support and education to aid vulnerable groups.Item Effect of cancer treatment modalities on serum lipids and lipoproteins among women with carcinoma of the breast.(2001-07-08) Ray, A; Jain, D; Yadav, R; Naik, S L; Sharma, S; Bahadur, A K; Sharma, B KSerum lipids and lipoproteins were studied in 61 breast cancer patients before initiation of therapy and subsequently during and after completion of cancer therapy. Different serum lipid fractions were estimated by enzymatic method. It was observed that mean levels of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol among untreated breast cancer patients decreased significantly after treatment. On the contrary, an increasing trend in the levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol was noticed in patients during the course of treatment. This study reflects the effects of cancer therapy in the alteration of levels of different serum lipid fractions in the patients with breast cancer.Item Effect of Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on Growth and Yield Parameters of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)(Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-11) Yadav, R; Bahadur, R; Singh, S; Shahi, S; Kumar, V; Kumar, N.The present study aimed to investigate “Effect of foliar application of Salicylic acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on growth and yield parameters of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”. This research was conducted during the kharif season 2018 at the Student Instructional Farm (SIF) of Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology in Kumarganj, Ayodhya. The experiment followed a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and involved seven treatments. The Mungbean variety used in the study was Narendra Mung-1 (NDM-1). Seven treatments as comprised of T1 - control (distilled water spray at 30 & 40 DAS), T2 - foliar spray of SA @ 50 ppm at 30 DAS, T3 - foliar spray of SA @ 80 ppm at 30 DAS, T4 - foliar spray of NAA @ 50 ppm at 30 DAS, T5 - foliar spray of NAA @ 80 ppm at 30 DAS, T6 - foliar spray of NAA @ 50 ppm at 40 DAS, T7 – Foliar spray of NAA @ 80 ppm at 40 DAS. The results indicated that the treatment T5 (foliar application of NAA @ 80 ppm at 30 DAS) showed significant increase on growth parameters like plant height (cm), total number of branch plant-1, total dry biomass (g) plant-1 and yield & yield attributes like number of pods clusters-1, number of pods plant-1, pod length (cm), number of seeds plant-1, number of seeds pod-1with T5, followed by T7 treatment (foliar application of NAA @ 80 ppm at 40 DAS), respectively over the control.