Browsing by Author "Varghese, T"
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Item Anti-C1q antibody as a marker of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus.(1999-12-04) Kumar, A; Gupta, R; Varghese, T; Pande, R M; Singal, V K; Garg, O PThe present study was conducted to examine the usefulness of anti-C1q antibody as a marker of disease activity in Indian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We standardized the assay for detection of IgG anti-C1q antibody using ELISA. The normal cut-off level was determined by testing 57 healthy, age and sex matched controls to be 53 units/m1 (mean +/- 2 SD). Patients with SEL (97 females and 13 males) were studied and the following parameters were obtained on all: SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), anti-C1q, anti-ds DNA and C3. Correlations were tested between these parameters using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. Anti-C1q was found positive in 66 (60%) patients while anti-ds DNA was found in 78 (71%). The positive predictive values of anti-C1q and anti-ds DNA for lupus nephritis were 59 and 61 per cent respectively. The titres of anti-C1q correlated positively with SLEDAI (P < 0.01) and anti-ds DNA (P < 0.01) and negatively with C3 levels (P < 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between anti-C1q positivity and any particular organ involvement. Similarly, no correlation was found between anti-C1q and proliferative lupus nephritis. Anti-C1q was found positive in 5 of 9 patients with moderate SLEDAI scores and negative for anti-ds DNA antibody. It is concluded that anti-C1q antibody can serve as a general marker for lupus activity, supplementing the currently used serum markers.Item Antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens in connective tissue disorders in India: prevalence and clinical correlations.(1989-12-01) Singh, R R; Malaviya, A N; Kailash, S; Varghese, T; Singh, H; Sundaram, K RAntibodies to Extractable Nuclear Antigens (ENAs) namely Sm, nRNP, SS-A and SS-B were studied in 397 patients with various connective tissue diseases (CTD), 146 patients with inflammatory polyarthropathies, 16 cases of systemic vasculitides, and 39 normal subjects using counterimmunoelectrophoresis and double immunodiffusion methods. Anti-ENA antibodies were positive in 40.8 percent cases of Systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 191), 36.4 percent of overlap CTD (OCTD, n = 44), 27.8 percent of Sjogren's syndrome (n = 18), 10.6 percent of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS, n = 66) and 2.7 percent of rheumatoid arthritis (n = 111) patients. The correlation of these antibodies with disease features was done. The significant finding was negative association of anti-nRNP antibodies (when present alone) with renal involvement. Anti-Sm antibodies did not correlate with any disease feature. The other associations included correlation of anti-nRNP with pulmonary parenchymal lesions, anti-SS-A with serositis and pulmonary hypertension, and anti-SS-B with myocarditis and recurrent diarrhoea. We conclude that Anti-ENAs may correlate with certain subsets of these diseases but the subject is controversial.Item Barriers and Facilitators in the Use of Selected Point-of-care Diagnostics in Indian Public Health Programs(Journal of Indian Medical Association, 2024-12) Varghese, T; Abraham, D; P, BS; Kang, G.Background: Comprehensive reviews on the use and utility of point-of-care tests (POCs) in public health programs in relation to infectious disease and nutrition are limited. Point-of-care technologies have potential to improve the management of infectious diseases particularly in settings where healthcare infrastructure and timely access to quality medical care are limited. Methods: We aim to describe POC tests currently used or under evaluation in the Indian national programs for communicable diseases and nutrition, and to identify the barriers and facilitators. Scoping review methodology was followed to search databases such as MEDLINE, EPPI (evidence for policy and practice information), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), JBI Evidence Synthesis, and Google Scholar. Descriptive statistics were applied to identify the utility, barriers, and facilitators of POCs in context of Indian public health program from patients’ and physicians’ perspectives. Conclusion: Rapid results, appropriate case management, and accuracy of testing in remote areas are perceived to be the major benefits of using POCs. Lack of awareness about POCs and lack of regulations leading to spurious products on the market are obstacles to their optimal use.Item Clinical significance of anti-Sm antibody in systemic lupus erythematosus & related disorders.(1991-06-01) Singh, R R; Malaviya, A N; Kailash, S; Varghese, TA retrospective analysis was undertaken of the clinical and immunological profile of 33 anti-Sm antibody positive (group I) and 243 anti-Sm antibody negative (group II) patients with systemic connective tissue diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus and related disorders (overlap, mixed and undifferentiated connective tissue diseases). The disease patterns were comparable, except for cutaneous vasculitis and hypocomplementaemia (low serum C3 levels). Vasculitis was observed in 55 per cent of group I and 35 per cent of group II subjects (P less than 0.05). Hypocomplementemia was also detected more frequently (86%) in group I as compared to group II (66%) patients (P less than 0.05). No association was found between anti-Sm antibody and renal, neuropsychiatric and cardiopulmonary features. The study thus demonstrated the association of anti-Sm antibody with immune complex mediated vasculitis.Item HIV antibody screening of commercially available blood products in India.(1991-01-01) Tripathy, S P; Malaviya, A N; Singh, Y N; Chaudhuri, K; Varghese, T; Seth, PIn a screening of 182 vials of various commercially available blood products in the Indian market, 32 (17%) were found to contain HIV-1 antibodies. The contamination with HIV-1 antibodies was detected in all types of blood products including immunoglobulin preparations, cryoprecipitates as well as albumin. Interestingly, the contamination was seen almost exclusively in the products manufactured in the Bombay-Pune area (32 of 92, 34%). It was very low in products manufactured near Delhi (1 of 90). A single vial of imported Factor VIII concentrate tested negative.Item Liver function alterations in tetralogy of Fallot.(1979-05-01) Varghese, T; Rao, D; Abraham, K A; Sundarsanam, D; Cherian, G; Hill, PItem Pyoderma vegetans and ulcerative colitis.(2006-10-15) Harish, K; Varghese, T; Najeeba, R; Harikumar, RItem Temporal changes in behavioural responses and serum metabolites of Cirrhinus mrigala exposed to acute hypoxia(Triveni Enterprises, 2019-07) Varghese, T; Mishal, P.; Gupta, G.; Kumar, M.; Pal, A.K.; Dasgupta, S.Aim: The present study was conducted to determine the tolerance to reduced oxygen level (hypoxia) and the behavioural and biochemical responses of mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala to environmental hypoxia. Methodology: Cirrhinus mrigala were subjected to LC50 test for 96 hr and the mortality were recorded. In a second experiment, the fishes were subjected to a stressful, but safe limit of hypoxia (0.5±0.04 mg l-1) and the behavioral responses and serum metabolites (glucose, lactate, total lipids, free amino acids and ammonia) were evaluated for 96 hrs. Results: A median lethal concentration (LC50, 96 hr) value of 0.25 mg l-1dissolved oxygen) was estimated for mrigal. The upper safe limit was 0.49 mg l-1 DO and the lower lethal limit was 0.19 mg l-1 DO. Gill ventilation frequency increased under severe hypoxic conditions and decreased with exposure time. The serum level of glucose, lactate and total lipids increased significantly (P<0.05) within 24 hr of exposure to hypoxic conditions. Free amino acids and ammonia contents were not altered by a four day exposure to hypoxia. Interpretation: The present study explains the basic metabolic and behavioural mechanism behind the hypoxia tolerance of Indian Major Carp, mrigal assisted by alterations in gill ventilation and metabolic responses.