Browsing by Author "Singh, Ravinder"
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Item Co-dependency and Marital Adjustment in Depression.(2011-04) Talwar, Upmesh K; Verma, A N; Singh, Ravinder; Sharma, VibhaLiving with a depressed spouse can be burdensome as it poses the greater distress in the marital life. Present paper examines these aspects as marital adjustment and codependency in 30 subjects, 12 male and 18 female with depression. BDI, Marital Adjustment Questionnaire and Span-Fisher Co-Dependency scale were used to assess the marital adjustment and codependency. However, study could not pickup any statistically significant correlation between depression and marital adjustment, depression and codependency and marital adjustment and codependency.Item Eruptive pseudoangiomatosis - cherry angiomas with perilesional halo(Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists & Leprologists, 2018-07) Chopra, Dimple; Sharma, Aastha; Kaur, Satwinder; Singh, RavinderEruptive pseudoangiomatosis is a rare viral exanthem characterized by acute onset of hemangiomata-like lesions, however, histological findings are distinct from that of true angiomas. This entity has been reported from Europe, North America, Japan, and Korea till date. Here, we report 12 cases of eruptive pseudoangiomatosis from a tertiary care hospital in Punjab.Item Eruptive pseudoangiomatosis - cherry angiomas with perilesional halo(Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists & Leprologists, 2018-07) Chopra, Dimple; Sharma, Aastha; Kaur, Satwinder; Singh, RavinderEruptive pseudoangiomatosis is a rare viral exanthem characterized by acute onset of hemangiomata-like lesions, however, histological findings are distinct from that of true angiomas. This entity has been reported from Europe, North America, Japan, and Korea till date. Here, we report 12 cases of eruptive pseudoangiomatosis from a tertiary care hospital in Punjab.Item Health-related quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS on highly active antiretroviral treatment: A questionnaire-based study(Wolters Kluwer-Medknow Publications, 2023-06) Mahajan, Vikram K.; Vashist, Sanket; Mehta, Karaninder Singh; Chauhan, Pushpinder Singh; Singh, Ravinder; Manvi, Sujaya; Sharma, AnujIntroduction: The knowledge of the effect of sociodemographic and disease-related factors on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is important for planning comprehensive health-care services for them. Material and Methods: Two hundred PLWHA on antiretroviral therapy (ART) volunteered to complete a self-reported World Health Organization’s Quality of Life?HIV brief questionnaire (WHOQoL-HIV-BREF) that examines six domains each with four items (physical, psychological, level of independence, social, environmental, and spiritual) with 25 facets and additional 5 facets specific to PLWHA (symptoms of HIV, social inclusion, forgiveness, worries about the future, and death and dying). Results: Only 135 questionnaires from 73 (53.3%) men and 63 (46.7%) women (male: female – 1.14:1) aged 20–82 years(mean ± standard deviation: 42.9 ± 10.5 years) were found complete. Eighty-five (63%) individuals were aged 41–60 years, 78 (57.8%) individuals were matriculates, graduates, or postgraduates, 76 (56.3%) respondents were married, and 38 (28.1%) were widows/widowers. Staying-alone workers comprised 43 (31.8%) individuals. Overall health and HRQoL were rated satisfactory (n = 85.2%) and good/very good (n = 74.8%) by a significantly greater number of individuals (P = 0.001). Pearson’s Chi-squared test showed no statistically significant (P > ?) associations between good HRQoL and variables such as age >40 years, gender, education, marital status, duration of disease, disclosure of serostatus to family, ART for >3 years, and CD4 >200 cells/mL. Conclusion: Regular ART can result in adequate control of immunosuppression and no comorbidities in a majority of PLWHA, family and social acceptance, and financial security can result in overall good HRQoL in all six domains within the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF. The study is limited by its cross-sectional study design and small sample size.Item Loss of CD127 & increased immunosenescence of T cell subsets in HIV infected individuals.(2011-12) Mojumdar, Kamalika; Vajpayee, Madhu; Chauhan, Neeraj Kumar; Singh, Alpana; Singh, Ravinder; Kurapati, SravyaBackground & objectives: HIV infection is characterized by a perturbation in T cell homeostasis, leading to alteration in T cell subsets. In addition to alteration in differentiation, HIV infection also leads to change in T cell survival and regenerative capacity, as suggested by differential expression of CD127 and CD57. We evaluated the expression patterns of CD127 and CD57 on CD4 and CD8 effector, memory and naïve T cell subsets in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. Methods: We characterized T cell subsets based on expression of these markers, and compared their expression pattern in HIV infected subjects and uninfected controls. We further assessed therapy generated changes in these subsets and expression of CD127 and CD57 on them. Results: There was a generalized decrease in naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells in HIV infected subjects. These changes in T cell subset distribution were related to antigen load. CD127 expression was significantly reduced in T cells from HIV infected subject. In association to this, HIV infected subjects had higher percentage of T cell subsets expressing CD57. Increased CD57 and reduced CD127 expression correlated with plasma viraemia and CD8 T cell activation state. Incomplete restoration of T cell subset proportions was observed, despite suppression of viral replication and increase in CD4 T cell counts. Further, the improvement was more pronounced in CD127 expression. Interpretation & conclusions: HIV infected subjects have reduced T cell regenerative capacity along with increased senescence, highlighting decreased proliferation and effector activities.Item Management of Fingertip Injuries.(2015-07) Sharma, Ratnakar; Singh, Akashdeep; Singh, RavinderAbstract Fingertip injuries are one of the most common injuries sustained by human beings owing to various reasons as domestic, occupational, road traffic accidents or due to violence. The injury to the fingertip needs proper assessment and reconstruction so as to provide the proper tissue replacement.we describe our experience of 50 patients of fingertip injuries requiring reconstruction using one or other modality over a period of three years presenting to our hospital.Item Pharmacokinetics of Nevirapine, Stavudine and Lamivudine in Indian HIV-infected Children Receiving Generic Fixed Dose Combinations.(2014-03) Mukherjee, Aparna; Singla, Mohit; Velpandian, T; Sirohiwal, Anju; Vajpayee, M; Singh, Ravinder; Kabra, S K; Lodha, RakeshObjective: To determine the trough and two hour plasma levels of nevirapine, stavudine, and lamivudine when administered in fixed dose combinations (FDC). Design: Cross sectional Setting: Tertiary care hospital in Northern India. Participants: 79 HIV-infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy with FDCs for more than month. Intervention: Two-point sampling (0 and 2 hours after the morning dose). Outcome measures: Plasma concentrations of all three drugs were simultaneously assayed by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Results: Majority (77%) of children were receiving fixed dose combination of stavudine, lamivudine, nevirapine in the ratio of 6:30:50mg. The median (IQR) trough and 2-hour plasma levels (µg/mL) of nevirapine, stavudine and lamivudine were 5.2 (4.0, 6.3) and 7.9 (6.0, 9.7); 0.1 (0.06, 0.16) and 1.1 (0.59, 1.6); 0.1 (0.02, 0.2) and 2.5 (1.4, 3.1), respectively. Very few children had sub-therapeutic plasma drug levels of stavudine (2.5%), lamivudine (7.6%) and nevirapine (10%). Inadequate viral suppression at 6 months follow up was significantly associated with initial high viral load, low CD4 percentage at the time of enrolment in study, and lower doses of lamivudine and stavudine. Conclusion: The currently available generic pediatric fixed dose antiretroviral combinations in India provide adequate drug exposure in majority of children.Item Relevance of Modified ECT in Managing Psychiatric Patients.(2010-10) Jain, M K; Singh, RavinderItem Role of Yogic Exercises in Bipolar Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia.(2010-04) Talwar, Upmesh K; Sharma, Vibha; Singh, RavinderThe science of Yoga, is an old system of traditional relaxation involving the exercise and other prevailing healing practices originated in India. Philosophically, it is based on the union of mind, body, and spirit of the individual. Aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of yogic exercises among psychiatric inpatients admitted in the ward for the severe mental illness. Method: Fifteen patients in the age range of 20-40 years, diagnosed as having Schizophrenia or Bipolar Affective Disorder (ICD-10 DCR criteria) were included and were given yogic exercises therapy for two months besides treatment and compared to a control of fifteen psychiatric inpatients with the same age, diagnosis and receiving same treatment. They were assessed using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Social-Adaptive Function Evaluation (SAFE) scale. Results revealed significant improvement in the study group on various domains of SAFE compared to the control group after one month with continuation of therapy. It is apparent that Yogic exercises therapy may be effective in the improvement of adaptive functioning which in turn affected the psychological wellbeing of the patients. The study has clinical implications for effective use of this therapy in preventing relapse among the psychotic patients.Item Yoga and Cognitive Behaviour Techniques for Academic Stress and Mental Wellbeing among School Students.(2010-04) Sharma, Vibha; Shrivastava, Smita; Malhotra, S; Singh, Ravinder; Singh, Tej BahadurThere are many stressors acting upon school children. Today in the era of increasing competitiveness,a child is overloaded with daily living stresses, and he lives a tight rope existence trying to cope up with the tremendous pressures from all institutions, whether it is school, family or society. These are resulting in various stress related ailments and psychological problems, which poses threat and challenges for the physical as well as mental wellbeing of the school going children. The present work was an attempt to measure one of the major source of stress,i.e. academic stress and mental wellbeing of a sample of school children and then to provide an intervention plan for a selected group of students who are having high academic stress and poor mental wellbeing. Certain specific Asanas, Mudras and Pranayams of Yoga were combined with some specific techniques of Cognitive Behaviour therapy (C.B.T.) to reduce the academic stress and to enhance the mental wellbeing of the selected group of school children. The results have shown a significant relief from academic stress and significant improvement in the mental wellbeing of these children. Detailed methodology and results are discussed in this paper. This paper highlights the efficacy of Yoga in combination with certain techniques of C.B.T. in enhancing overall wellbeing of school children.