Browsing by Author "Singh, J."

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
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    Acute pancreatitis and severe hyperbilirubinemia as initial presentation of Gilbert syndrome
    (Medip Academy, 2023-10) Singh, N.; Tarun; Singh, J.; Arvind; Vir Yadav, L.; Pandey, A.; Tarfe, V.
    Gilbert syndrome (GS) is benign, often familial condition characterized by recurrent but asymptomatic mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in the absence of hemolysis or underlying liver disease. The coexistence of GS with other more clinically significant conditions could interfere with their diagnoses. The genetic variation described as GS may affect drug glucuronidation and could potentially precipitate. Gallstones are the commonest ailment affecting the hepato-biliary system. Associated jaundice is usually direct, commonly due to biliary obstructive lesions. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia with cholelithiasis is commonly seen with hemolytic disease. In the absence of hemolysis or systemic causes, congenital causes prevail, commonest of which is Gilbert’ Syndrome. Here we report a case of 21-year old male who presented to our hospital with complaint of pain abdomen and was diagnosed as gall stone induced pancreatitis which was further diagnosed as GS after genetic testing for UGT1A1 gene polymorphism.
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    Bilateral cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring in carotid body tumour excision under general anaesthesia: a case report
    (Medip Academy, 2023-04) Singh, J.; Karandikar, G.; Zirpe, K.; Govardhane, B.
    Carotid Body tumour is an uncommon non-chromaffin paraganglioma arising from chemoreceptor cells at the external and internal carotid artery bifurcation. The reported incidence is 1-2 cases per 1,00,000 population. Surgical excision is extremely difficult and possess challenges to both surgeon and the anaesthetist. We report here a case of CBT excision with the use of cerebral oximetry to reduce the chances of intra-operative cerebral ischemia.
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    A comparative analysis of retrospective records of antibiotic usage in patients before and after surgery in a tertiary care government hospital in Delhi
    (Medip Academy, 2024-02) Arora, T.; Bhowmick, S.; Singh, J.
    Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is major problem in most of countries worldwide. Antimicrobial Stewardship program (AMSP) encourages both government and private hospitals in country to bring out guidelines regarding antimicrobial usage and hospital infection control (HIC). However, it is still in nascent stage. A retrospective study to generate lacking data about usage of antibiotics in inpatient settings in a government hospital. Methods: Retrospective records of antibiotic usage in adult patients before and after surgery admitted in department of surgery, LHMC and Smt. Sucheta Kriplani hospital, New Delhi. The prescribed doses were converted to a number as per WHO defined daily dose (DDD) of each antibiotic and presented as per ATC/DDD methodology. Results: The records of 121 patients admitted between June 2021 to February 2022 were retrieved. Ceftriaxone, was the leading choice of antibiotic both pre and post operatively, while co-amoxyclav was second most preferred antimicrobial. Mean � SD for DDD pre-op and post-op was 3.345�602 with p<0.001 which was highly significant. Mean � SD for average duration of stay pre-op and post-op was 3.041�179 with p<0.01 which was significant. Only 16 patients had complications before, during or after the procedure which prolonged their stay in hospital. There were no procedure related deaths till last follow up. Conclusions: Guidelines for selection of proper antimicrobial usage in peri-operative period were not consistent. We advocate evidence-based pre-operative and post-operative antibiotic prophylaxis practices and rational antibiotic usage depending on prevailing antibiogram.
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    Drug prescribing pattern in dermatology outpatient department at a tertiary care teaching hospital of North India – A cross-sectional survey-based study
    (Mrs Dipika Charan of MedScience (India) Publications, 2022-06) Kumar, A; Sharma, H; Shivhare, DP; Singh, J.
    Background: The pattern of drug use in a hospital setting needs to be monitored intermittently to analyze their rationality. Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prescribing pattern as per World Health Organization core drug use indicators. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional, single-center, and observational study. A total of 620 prescriptions were included and analyzed in dermatology outpatient attendees at a tertiary care teaching hospital. A predesigned pro forma was used to collect and compile data. All the statistical analysis was performed with the Microsoft Excel office 2019 version. Results: The average number of drugs per encounter was 4.03. The percentage of encounters with antibiotics was 33.38%. There was no prescription having an injection. The drugs prescribed by their generic names were 16.61%. Drugs prescribed from local institutional essential drugs list were 42.11%. Conclusion: Studies based on drug prescribing patterns are a very important tool not only to guide physicians to improve their prescribing habits but also for hospital administration to recognize the lacunae in drug prescribing and formulate guidelines to facilitate rational drug use.
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    Emission Characteristics of Methyl Ester of Rice Bran Oil Blends with Ethanol in CI Engine
    (SCIENCEDOMAIN international, 2020-05) Sharma, R. K.; Singh, J.; Negi, A.; Azad, D.
    Increasing demand and rapid depletion of fossil fuels have together prompted the researchers of many countries to look for alternate renewable fuels. This study is an attempt to test the feasibility of rice bran oil as fuel in C. I. engine in its original and in its refined form. It is generally produced from rice bran which is a by-product produced during paddy processing. Its viscosity though relatively higher than diesel can be reduced by natural sedimentation process. In this attempt, the performance and emission characteristics of rice bran oil and its refined form were studied and compared with diesel by employing them as a fuel in a single cylinder, direct injection, 4.4 KW, air cooled diesel engine. The performance characteristics revealed that the brake thermal efficiency of the rice bran oil was higher than its refined form and were marginally lower than that of diesel. Emission measurements were carried out using MRU Delta 1600L gas analyzer and the soot concentration was measured with AVL smoke meter. It was found that though blends of rice bran oil with ethanolexhibited greater soot concentration characteristics than rice bran oil and diesel at all loads, it exhibited desirable characteristics for other emissions such as lower CO, HC, NOx emissions and lower exhaust gas temperatures with increasing load.
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    An epidemiological study on assessing patients' satisfaction with services obtained from Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata
    (Mrs Dipika Charan of MedScience (India) Publications, 2022-07) Manna, N; Mukherjee, R; Bhattacharya, P; Singh, J.
    Background: Patient satisfaction has been defined as the degree of congruency between a patient’s expectations of ideal care and his/her perception of the real care he receives. It is a multidimensional aspect, represents a vital key marker for the quality of health care delivery and this is an internationally accepted factor which needs to be studied repeatedly for smooth functioning of the health care systems. It has been an important issue for health care managers. Patient satisfaction level is an important and useful indicator for measuring quality in healthcare. Aims and Objectives: This study was planned to assess patient satisfaction with services provided in the study area and to find out whether there is any association between the socio-demographic characters with the satisfaction level from the services provided. Materials and Methods: The study is an observational, descriptive study with cross-sectional study design. An exit interview of 162 adult patients, selected by convenience sampling attending various out-patient department of medical college, Kolkata was conducted over a period of 2 months; using a pre-designed pre-tested semi-structured data collection form. Statistical analyses were done using Chi-square tests, at P ? 0.05 level of significance. Results: The study highlighted that majority (60.5%) of the study participants belonged to 31–60 years age group. It was also noted that majority of the patients were satisfied with overall services available except for ventilation and toilet facilities. Lower educated participants were satisfied with overall behavior of the healthcare providers. Rural participants and those from lower socio-economic status were satisfied with overall availability of general basic facilities. Lower educated participants were less satisfied with overall satisfaction level at various service windows. Gainfully employed participants were satisfied compared to unemployed participants. There was a statistically significant association between the education status and occupation of the study subjects with overall satisfaction level at various service windows. It was found that lower educated participants were less satisfied with overall satisfaction level at various service windows, compared to higher educated participants (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The present study revealed that majority of the patients were satisfied with the overall services provided at medical college, Kolkata.
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    Epidemiology of female infertility in Sonepat district of Haryana: a community based cross-sectional study
    (Medip Academy, 2023-11) Kataria, D.; Rani, B.; Punia, A.; Jha, S. K.; Narendran, M.; Singh, J.
    Background: Infertility is a global reproductive health problem and the prevalence rate increased by 0.37% per year for females. There are many such risk factors which are avoidable. Thus the purpose of the study is to identify and quantify the burden of infertility and associated risk factors for infertility. Methods: This observational community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 444 reproductive age group (18-49 years) women residing in district Sonepat, from August 2021 to May 2022. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. The categorical data were analyzed statistically using Chi-Square test and Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Continuous variables were analyzed using independent t-test. Results: Out of 444 study population majority of women were fertile (88.7%), while 6.3% of women were secondary infertile and 5% women were primary infertile. Most women were aged between 30-39 years. The difference of occurrence of infertility in relation to time since marriage, male age at marriage, number of family members, thyroid, PCOD, tuberculosis and height were statistically significant. Conclusions: Almost all the factors came out to be responsible for infertility were modifiable. Awareness generation and provision of infertility care services at primary health care facilities will be of use in addressing infertility in Haryana.
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    Genetic Diversity and Path Analysis in Rice Germplasms (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-12) Vimal, SC; Kumar, A; Gupta, R; Gupta, AK; Singh, J.
    The present study was based on the germplasm evaluation experiment, which involved the evaluation of 45 germplasms/lines including three checks viz. NDR-97, NDR2065 and Saraju-52. The experiment was conducted in Augmented Block Design with three replications. The field experiment was carried out in Kharif season 2022 at the Crop Research Station (CRS), Masodha and lab experiments were conducted in the Seed Testing Laboratory, Seed Technology Section, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.). The path coefficient analysis was worked out by using simple correlation among 13 characters to estimate the direct and indirect effect of different characters on grain yield per plant. The highest positive total effect (direct + indirect) on grain yield per plant was exhibited by panicle bearing tiller per plant (0.699) followed by germination % (0.360), seed viability (0.227) and vigour index – I (0.209). The highest number of genotypes appeared in the cluster – II (13), followed by cluster – III (8), cluster – IV(6), cluster – V(6), cluster – I(5), cluster – IX(5), cluster – VI(3), cluster – VII(1), and cluster – VIII(1). The maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in case of cluster – IX (64641.91) followed by cluster – V (5584.50), cluster – VI (5363.09), cluster – I (3918.44), cluster – II (3483.30), Cluster – IV (3303.54), Cluster – VII(0.00) and cluster – VII (0.00). The highest cluster mean for days to 50% flowering was recorded for Cluster-I (102.8) followed by Cluster – VII (99), cluster-V (96.66), cluster-VIII (96) cluster IX (96), Cluster III (95.75) cluster IV (95.65) cluster VI (94.67) cluster II (91.51).
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    Infective keratitis: a concise overview of the clinical characteristics and treatment of keratitis caused by microbial agents
    (Medip Academy, 2024-06) Chandra, M.; Singh, J.; Jha, A.
    The following document provides an overview of microbial keratitis, a well-known sight-threatening inflammation of the cornea that progresses to the corneal ulcer. Sometimes, such infection is difficult to identify and cure due to the involvement of multiple pathogens implicated in the specific disorders because of similar symptoms and immunological responses. Instead of fungi and protozoa, viruses and bacteria are the most prevalent pathogens that cause microbial keratitis. A virus contains protein-encased genetic material and may infect any living creature, including bacteria and fungi, by replicating inside the host's cell and infecting neighbouring cells. Bacteria are complicated pathogens that may thrive in any media and cause harm to host cells, often through the production of toxins. Fungi are far more difficult; they spread quickly and can cause harm to several organs at the same time if the immune system is compromised. Protozas are found freely in the environment and once invade the cornea, divide quickly and become difficult to identify as well as treat, because of their involvement or in conjunction with polymicrobials. These microbes show common symptoms after invading the cornea although; their common diagnostic procedures show different results to trace out their existence in the tissue. Up to some extent, specific treatment can cure the disease with certain conditions according to a load of microbes, therefore visual status gets hampered, otherwise total loss of the eye takes place due to the endophthalmitis.
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    Interesting case report on Chiari network
    (Medip Academy, 2024-03) Kumar, D.; Singh, G.; Singh, M.; Singh, J.
    The Chiari network is a congenital remnant that is typically found in the right atrium and is generally not associated with significant pathophysiological implications. Usually, this is detected on general routine health checkup screening or casual examination. But, occasionally in certain cases, it is possible for this condition to results in diagnostic ambiguity when assessing right atrial disorders. Additionally, it has potential to contribute to the development of thromboembolism by inducing flow blockage. The Chiari network can be accurately diagnosed by echocardiography. This network appear as a highly mobile, highly reflectant echo target at many regions in the right atrium during transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. In this study, we provide a case involving an 18 year old male students studying cardiac technology who was diagnosed incidentally during echocardiography practical classes with Chiari network, mild TR and mild PR. The value and precision of echocardiography are becoming more widely recognized and being used more frequently. The potential for finding normal anatomical variations and their potential incorrect interpretation as pathological states coincides with the wider implementation of this imaging method.
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    Knowledge, attitude, and practice on prevention of novel coronavirus infection among patients attending general out patient department in a medical college of Eastern India
    (Mrs Dipika Charan of MedScience (India) Publications, 2022-06) Manna, N; Das, S; Rahaman, SKS; Singh, J.
    Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by coronavirus family (SARS-CoV-2). There is a rising trend of the pandemic ever since its inception. Although the healthcare workers are already oriented and play a central role in the response to COVID-19, there is very limited information on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of patients attending health facilities toward SARS-CoV-2. Aim and Objectives: Assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice on prevention of Novel Coronavirus among patients attending general out-patient department (GOPD) in a Medical College of Eastern India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in GOPD of Kolkata for 3 months in 119 adults. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data by interview method. Results: The mean age of study participants was 41.05 ± 15.09 (S.D.) with 49.6% belonging to the age group of 20–40 years. Knowledge regarding prevention of transmission was noted among 70.5% of study participants. About 96.6% followed the good practice of wearing mask while going outside and 70.6% covered both nose and mouth. The various socio-demographic variables were associated with the knowledge and practice of COVID-19 transmission. It was noted that education, occupation, and socio-economic status showed statistically significant association with knowledge and correct practice of using mask during the COVID-19 pandemic (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a moderately fair level of knowledge concerning SARS-CoV-2 among the general population and a significant association with positive attitudes and practices toward preventive health measures to combat COVID-19.
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    Tuberculosis health services during advent of COVID-19 pandemic in Sonipat district of Haryana
    (Medip Academy, 2023-10) Narendran, M.; Punia, A.; Verma, R.; Kataria, D.; Singh, J.
    Background: India put efforts to achieve TB free status by 2025 but, advent of COVID-19 Pandemic compelled to repurposing of health facilities and services to manage the situation, which greatly affected the TB management in the country. This study was aimed to find out the situations faced by Health care providers in diagnosis and initiation/continuation of ATT under NTEP during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Sonepat District of Haryana State among Medical officers posted in Health Centres and Lab Technicians posted in Designated Microscopy Centres, responsible for managing Tuberculosis during second and third quarters of 2020. Data were collected using separate, pretested semi-structured schedules and results were compiled and described in percentages and proportions. Results: Almost half (54%) of the LTs were posted at DMCs daily. Only three of the facilities had CB-NAAT facilities, of which two (66.66%) were partially diverted for COVID-19 testing. Majority (68.2%) of the MOs reported regular OPD facilities at their facilities during lockdown, with regular TB diagnostic lab facilities (68.2%). More than 81% of the MOs reported non-availability of In-Patient (IP) facilities during lockdown, and diversion of staff for COVID-19 was observed as the major reason (66.7%) for facility non-availability. Conclusions: The pandemic affected the provision of TB services in the region. Preparedness, timely interventions on regular feedbacks can mitigate such difficulties in future.