Browsing by Author "Singh, J"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 210
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    Acute effect of ethanol administration on platelet function.
    (1987-10-01) Sudhir, S; Gupta, L C; Singh, J; Budhiraja, R D
    The acute effect of single dose of ethanol (1.5 g kg) and aspirin (10 mg/kg) alone and in combination, on platelet aggregation time and platelet adhesiveness were studied in rabbits. There was a significant and comparable increase in aggregation time both by aspirin and ethanol. Similarly platelet adhesiveness was decreased by both the agents.
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    Acute haemolytic anaemia in typhoid fever.
    (1972-08-01) Bakshi, S; Singh, J
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    Acute sporadic viral hepatitis in urban population of a tribal district in Madhya Pradesh.
    (1998-02-26) Singh, J; Prakash, C; Panda, R; Bora, D; Jain, D C; Datta, K K
    OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of acute sporadic viral hepatitis and describe its epidemiology in an urban population. DESIGN: A retrospective community survey for jaundice cases. SETTING: Headquarter town of a tribal district, Bastar, in Madhya Pradesh state, India. METHOD: Trained paramedics surveyed about 51,643 population to detect cases of jaundice which occurred in the past one year. Cases were examined to collect clinical and epidemiological data. blood samples were drawn from all cases who had jaundice in the past 3 months for testing them for markers of viral hepatitis. RESULTS: Study estimated the annual incidence of jaundice cases as 244 (95% CI 201-287) per 100,000 population. Almost 95% jaundice cases occurred in summer and monsoon months. People from all socio-economic strata were affected. The incidence of jaundice was found to be the highest in children below 15 years of age (3.7 per 1000) which declined significantly with the increase in age (p = 0.0000). The overall incidence in two sexes was not different statistically (p = 0.7). Of 57 cases who had jaundice in the past 3 months, 19 (33%) were confirmed as having viral hepatitis. Hepatitis A and E combined together contributed 68% (13/19) of acute sporadic cases of viral hepatitis, whereas hepatitis B, C and D accounted for the remaining 32% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The study found the annual incidence of laboratory supported cases of viral hepatitis to be 81 (95 CI 57-106) per 100,000 population, which suggests that it is an important public health problem in India. Hepatitis A was much more prevalent than hepatitis E. Etiology of almost two-thirds of jaundice cases could not be established which require further community studies.
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    Aetiological patterns of ocular motor nerve palsies.
    (1984-09-01) Menon, V; Singh, J; Prakash, P
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    Alstrom syndrome.
    (1991-07-01) Garg, R A; Singh, J; Mathur, B B
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    ANA negative lupus erythematosus.
    (2000-05-23) Locham, K K; Singh, J; Garg, R; Singh, M; Jain, C
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    Anthelmintic activity of methyl 5(6)-(alpha-hydroxyphenyl methyl) benzimidazole-2-carbamate, a metabolite of mebendazole.
    (1987-12-01) Gupta, S; Srivastava, J K; Katiyar, J C; Singh, J; Bhakuni, D S
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    Anti tubercular treatment induced hepatotoxicity: does acetylator status matter?
    (1995-01-01) Singh, J; Garg, P K; Thakur, V S; Tandon, R K
    Anti tubercular drug related hepatotoxicity is common. The mechanism of injury and factors predisposing to its development are not fully understood. Forty patients with anti tubercular drugs related hepatotoxicity were studied to see the clinical and biochemical profile of these patients and to find out the significance of acetylator phenotype in the development of hepatotoxicity. Mean age of patients with liver damage (37.82 +/- 10.0 years) was similar to those without liver damage (36.48 +/- 12.5 years). Pyrazinamide appeared to increase the hepatotoxicity of isoniazid and rifampicin. The percentage of rapid acetylators and slow acetylators among patients with hepatotoxicity (70% and 30% respectively) was similar to controls (66.6% rapid and 33.3% slow acetylators). Acetylator phenotype probably has no role in anti tubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity.
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    Antibiotic sensitivity of Salmonella typhi.
    (1966-03-01) Nath, M L; Singh, J
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    Applications of cell lines as bioreactors and in vitro models.
    (2011-10) Singh, J; Goswami, A
    A cell line is a permanently established cell culture which proliferates indefinitely under given appropriate conditions. The oldest and commonly used human cell line is HeLa.DNA fingerprinting using multi-locus probes, STR profiling, L1 retro transposon marker and Temperature-sensitive SV40 large T antigen are technologies for the identification and characterization of cell lines. Cell lines cost less to maintain, are easier to genetically manipulate, handle and store, moreover their immortal nature enables them to be continuously cultured, distributed and studied in many labs. Cell lines are in vitro models to study the pathway of malignant progression, induction of cellular apoptosis, DNA methylation, histone modifications & tumor suppressor gene expressions, cell culture cytotoxicity assay and so on. The collection of human material for culture must be passed by the relevant hospital’s ethics committee. Cell cultures should be handled in Class II biosafety cabinets and all discarded materials should be autoclaved, incinerated or chemically disinfected. The challenge of improving protein yield and quality is done by generating cell lines that can produce high yields of recombinant proteins, methods of stable gene integration and quality of culture media. Finally, the efficacy of recombinant glycoproteins as a human therapeutic is strongly dependent on their glycosylation. However, cell lines show slow population doubling time, have a finite lifespan, are prone to contamination, genotypic and phenotypic drift and behave differently in culture as compared to when they are a part of a tissue/organ.
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    Appraising the power of placebo.
    (1999-02-22) Lal, A; Moharana, A K; Singh, J
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    Appropriate season for measles immunisation campaign in India.
    (1995-09-01) Singh, J; Jain, D C; Datta, K K
    Review of literature on the seasonality of measles in India reveals that measles occur throughout the year with peaks around March, while October-November are the low transmission months. The epidemics of measles however, occur any time during the year. Nevertheless, measles vaccination campaigns are carried out in India in the Month of March to increase the vaccine coverage levels. Being the low transmission season, October and November may be more appropriate for undertaking measles campaigns in India.
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    Asparagus racemosus--an update.
    (2003-09-30) Goyal, R K; Singh, J; Lal, H
    Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) is recommended in Ayurvedic texts for prevention and treatment of gastric ulcers, dyspepsia and as a galactogogue. A. racemosus has also been used successfully by some Ayurvedic practitioners for nervous disorders, inflammation, liver diseases and certain infectious diseases. However, no scientific proof justifying aforementioned uses of root extract of A. racemosus is available so far. Recently few reports are available demonstrating beneficial effects of alcoholic and water extracts of the root of A. racemosus in some clinical conditions and experimentally induced diseases, e.g. galactogogue effect, antihepatotoxic and immunomodulatory activities. The present article includes the detailed exploration of pharmacological properties of the root extract of A. racemosus reported so far.
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    Assay of carcinogenicity of tobacco metabolites employing microsomal degranulation technique.
    (1998-05-26) Puri, S; Dani, H M; Singh, J
    Carcinogenicity of salivarty extracts of different types of tobaccos smoked and chewed in India and Pan Parag were tested using microsomal degranulation technique. Results obtained on the basis of RNA/protein ratios (Indices to confirm the detachment of ribosomes from microsomes) showed that tobaccos used for cigarette, bidi, hukah and chewing tobacco with lime as well as Pan Parag were positively carcinogenic. Two fractions out of 7 isolated chromatographically from salivary extract of chewing tobacco plus lime were found to be carcinogenic. Elemental and spectral analyses indicated that the fractions are possibly an aromatic compound with an aliphatic side chain and N-(buty1 nitrosamine)-1-(3-pyridyl)-4-hydroxy-1-butanone.
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    Assessment of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Quantitative Traits in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-12) Kumar, R; Prakash, S; Singh, J; Kumar, S; Singh, DB; Gautam, P; Ali, I.
    Twenty-one genotypes of potato were carried out in Randomized Block Design with three replications during Rabi season 2020-21 at Horticulture Research Center of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut (U.P.). Eleven characters were included in the present investigation to study the variability, heritability, and genetic advance in potato. The analysis of variance was recorded highly significant difference between the genotypes for all eleven traits under studies. The estimates the coefficient of variation relieved that magnitude of phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters. High estimates of phenotypic as well as genotypic coefficient of variation were observed in case of length of internodes (cm), followed by plant height, tuber yield plant-1, number of stem plant-1, number of nodes at 30 DAP, number of tubers plant-1. Heritability estimates, as well as genetic progression, were found to be more important than heritability in predicting the outcome of selecting the best individual. High estimates of heritability (h2) (>80%) were recorded for tuber yield plant-1, followed by number of leaves at 60 DAP, number of nodes at 60 DAP, plant height (cm), number of nodes at 30 DAP, tuber size (cm), length of internodes (cm), number of tubers plant-1, number of stem plant-1, number of leaves at 30 DAP. The highest value of genetic advance in percent of mean (>20%) was exhibited for length of internodes (cm), plant height, tuber yield plant-1, number of stem plant-1, number of nodes at 30 DAP, number of tubers plant-1, number of leaves at 60 DAP, number of nodes at 60 DAP, tuber size (cm).
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    Assessment of iodine deficiency in selected blocks of east and west Champaran districts of Bihar.
    (1997-12-26) Kapil, U; Singh, J; Prakash, R; Sundaresan, S; Ramachandran, S; Tandon, M
    OBJECTIVE: A survey conducted in 1964 reported a goitre prevalence of 40.3% in East and West Champaran districts of Bihar. No recent survey has been documented on the prevalence of iodine deficiency in these districts. The present study was therefore undertaken (i) to assess the prevalence of IDD in these districts, and (ii) to estimate the iodine content of salt consumed by population. METHODOLOGY: In each district, one block was selected. In each block more than 630 children in the age group of 6-12 years were included in the study and were clinically examined. Urine samples were collected from 261 children and were analyzed using standard laboratory procedures. A total of 456 salt samples were collected from children and 35 from traders from the two districts and analyzed using the standard iodometric titration method. RESULTS: The total goiter prevalence was 11.6%. The percentage of children with < 2, 2.0-4.9, 5.0-9.9 and > or = 10 mcg/dl of urinary iodine excretion level were 12.3, 13.4, 23.4 and 51.0, respectively. The median urinary iodine excretion of the children was 10.0 mcg/dl. None of the families were consuming salt with a nil iodine content and about 29.3%, were consuming salt with less than 15 ppm of iodine. Of the 35 salt samples collected from traders, all had iodine and about 17% had less than 15 ppm of iodine. CONCLUSION: The study stresses the need for strengthening the existing system of monitoring of quality of salt being provided in the East and West Champaran districts by Government of Bihar.
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    Assessment of lacrimal sac and related disorders by clinical echography.
    (1986-01-01) Kumar, A; Singh, J; Betharia, S
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    Autologous transfusion in a patient with life threatening traumatic haemothorax: Case Report.
    (2014-01) Singh, J; Kapoor, D; Singh, M
    Penetrating thoracic injuries frequently presents a challenge to the clinicians. The situation may become more deleterious owing to the unavailability of adequate blood of required group. We discuss the acute management of a patient with life threatening traumatic haemothorax following penetrating thoracic injury. In this patient, autologous transfusion of patient blood collected in chest drain was performed during intraoperative period using an indigenous technique with successful outcome.
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    Awareness among pregnant women regarding the use and safety of drugs during pregnancy in the state of Punjab: A cross-sectional observational study
    (International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2019-06) Dureja, S; Kaur, M; Bhandari, V; Singh, N; Singh, J; Sharma, R
    Background: Indiscriminate use of drugs and cosmetics among a pregnant woman is always a challenge in the antenatal care for health-care providers especially in developing countries. There is a potential risk to the growing fetus due to irrational use of drugs and cosmetics during pregnancy awareness, and adequate knowledge of their use can prevent many drug-induced complications during pregnancy. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the awareness among pregnant women regarding the use and safety of drugs and cosmetics. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in various antenatal clinics of the state of Punjab. 500 pregnant women were enrolled in the study and the questionnaire was prepared in the local language to assess the knowledge and beliefs of pregnant women. Data analysis was done using Chi-square test. Results: A very few pregnant women had knowledge that drugs have any effect on the fetus and less than half believe that drugs should be taken only by consultation by the doctor. Majority pregnant women believe that sufficient time and attention are not given by a doctor during an appointment. Only 2% of women had the idea of antenatal sessions. More than half of the pregnant women considered alternative remedies to be more safe in pregnancy while a very few had the idea that cosmetics are safe in pregnancy. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that the majority of participants in the study have poor knowledge regarding benefits and adverse effects of the use of drugs and cosmetics during pregnancy.