Browsing by Author "Shivani"

Now showing 1 - 11 of 11
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    A case report of Ludwig’s angina.
    (2015-10) Shivani; Singh, Kanwardeep; Devi, Pushpa; Devi, Bimla
    Ludwig angina is a rapidly progressing submaxillary, submandibular, and sublingual necrotizing cellulitis of the floor of the mouth that can have lethal consequences due to airway obstruction Various aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, and less often fungi, have been implicated to cause Ludwig angina, including oral flora such as Streptococci and Staphylococci. Early recognition and use of parenteral antibiotics can prevent mortality and morbidity. We report a case of 30 years old male who was admitted to hospital with chief complaints of neck swelling, toothache, dysphagia and difficulty in opening mouth. Blood counts showed leukocytosis with neutrophilia along with raised ESR. Pus was drained after incision in submental and submandibular space and was transported to Microbiology department for further processing. Gram staining of pus showed many pus cells, spirochetes and fusiform shaped bacilli.
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    A Comprehensive Review on Post Harvest Physiological Disorders in Citrus Fruit Crops (Citrus spp.)
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-10) Jain, Shubham; Singh, Harpal; Kore, Deepak S.; Sonkar, Abhishek; Shivani; Saxena, Saransh; Mishra, Satyam; Sharma, Rohit
    Post-harvest physiological disorders in citrus fruit crops (Citrus spp.) present significant challenges that impact both the economic and environmental aspects of global agriculture. This comprehensive review explored various dimensions of the subject, ranging from the description and classification of major disorders, such as chilling injury, rind staining, water loss, and mold, to the innovative detection and diagnostic techniques being employed in the industry. Through an extensive examination of prevention and management strategies, the review sheds light on pre-harvest factors, post-harvest treatments, and the role of modern technologies and agronomic practices in mitigating these disorders. It also delves into the economic losses and environmental consequences linked to different management approaches, underlining the need for sustainability and eco-friendly solutions. A particular focus is given to the emerging trends and technologies in the field, including nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and natural treatments, all of which signal a shift towards a more integrated and sustainable management approach. By identifying current research gaps and the necessary future research direction, the review highlights opportunities for innovation and collaboration among growers, researchers, and policymakers. In addition, it emphasizes the broader implications of these disorders and their management on global trade, labor markets, and regulatory landscapes. This review serves as a valuable reference for stakeholders in the citrus industry, providing insights and guidance on best practices, technological advancements, and future perspectives. It represents an essential step towards aligning the citrus production with global sustainability goals and fostering a resilient industry capable of adapting to the ever-changing demands and challenges of the modern world.
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    A Comprehensive Review on Role of Bio- Regulators in the Growth and Development of Fruit and Vegetable Crops
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-11) Jain, S; Nidhi, N; Kale, S; Rathod, M; Dhurve, L; Mehara, H; Baidya, BK; Shivani
    This comprehensive review focuses on the role of bio-regulators in the growth and development of fruit and vegetable crops. Bio-regulators, also known as plant growth regulators or plant hormones, play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in plants, including cell division, elongation, differentiation, and fruit ripening. The review explores the major types of bio-regulators commonly used in fruit and vegetable cultivation, including auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene. It examines their functions and effects on plant growth, flowering, fruit set, fruit development, and post-harvest characteristics. The review also discusses the widespread application of bio-regulators in horticultural practices, including seed treatment, foliar application, and post-harvest treatments. It highlights the potential benefits of using bio-regulators, such as improving crop yield, enhancing fruit quality traits, delaying senescence, and reducing post-harvest losses. Moreover, the review delves into the mechanisms of action of bio-regulators at the molecular, physiological, and biochemical levels. It investigates their interactions with various plant growth processes, signaling pathways, and gene expression patterns. Furthermore, the review addresses the challenges and limitations associated with the use of bio-regulators in fruit and vegetable production, such as dosage optimization, application timing, and potential negative impacts on the environment.
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    Diseases and Pest Management in Nurseries: Challenges, Strategies and Emerging Technologies
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, Ph.D., 2025-05) Sharma, K; Shivani; Pandey, V; Keshari, D; Tutlani, A; Khan, RR.
    Nursery production is significantly affected by diseases and pest infestations, which diminish plant health, marketability, and overall yield. This study examines common nursery diseases, such as powdery mildew, botrytis blight, leaf spot, rust, and root rot, as well as prominent pests like aphids, whiteflies, thrips, and mealybugs. These biological threats lead to severe economic losses, making effective management strategies essential. The analysis emphasizes the role of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) as a sustainable and comprehensive approach. By combining cultural, biological, and chemical control methods, IPM effectively reduces pest populations while minimizing environmental impact. The use of biological control agents, such as predatory insects and beneficial microbes, is presented as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides. Nursery crops are particularly vulnerable to leaf spot, damping-off, and anthracnose, which significantly compromise plant quality. Additionally, pests like the red palm weevil, rhinoceros beetle, and tea mosquito bug cause substantial damage to coconut, areca nut, and other plantation crops, all of which are vital to the region's economy. Managing these pests effectively requires region-specific strategies, including the use of botanical extracts, pheromone traps, and soil solarization. Emerging technologies, such as drone-based pesticide application, AI-powered pest detection, and genetic engineering for disease-resistant plants, have been identified as potential solutions for enhancing nursery productivity. These innovations offer precision and efficiency, reducing chemical usage while improving plant health. Effective disease and pest management in nurseries necessitates a multifaceted approach that integrates traditional techniques with modern innovations. The adoption of IPM strategies and cutting-edge technologies can significantly enhance plant protection, leading to increased productivity and sustainability in the nursery industry.
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    Diversity of ethnomedicinal plants in Churdhar Wildlife Sanctuary of district Sirmour of Himachal Pradesh, India
    (Open Science Publishers LLP, 2019-11) Radha; Puri, Sunil; Chandel, Kamna; Pundir, Ashok; Thakur, Mohindra Singh; Chauhan, Bhawna; Simer, Kajal; Dhiman, Nidhi; Shivani; Thakur, Yaswant Singh; Kumar, Sanjeev
    Himachal Pradesh has a great altitudinal range (300–7,000 masl), with varied species, habitats, communities,populations, and ecosystems. There are more than 3,400 different species of plants are reported to be found inHimachal Pradesh. In the state, excess of thousand plant species identified as aromatic and medicinal appear intemperate forests, Shiwalik hills, alpine and sub-alpine pastures. Majority of the inhabitants in Himachal Pradeshbelong to different communities and cultures, with specific traditional knowledge. In the remote areas, especiallyhigh-altitude regions are contemporary medical amenities, and therefore tribal and rural society mainly depends onnative medicinal plants. Herein, we compiled 41 medicinal plant species belonging to same or different families usedby migratory shepherds in Churdhar Wildlife Sanctuary of district Sirmour in Himachal Pradesh. This survey will helpthe medicos, pharmaceutical industry for refining the public healthiness amenities, and maintenance of wild medicinalplant prosperity of the studied zone.
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    Evaluation of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of respiratory distress in neonates
    (Medip Academy, 2023-11) Shivani; Singh, Jatinder; Sharma, Bhuwan; Seth, Sunil; Chowdhary, Gurdev; Madan, Surjeet; Duggal, Manisha; Rai, Harman; Cheema, Harwinder Kaur
    Background: Respiratory distress (RD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Traditionally, clinical criteria combined with chest X-ray have been considered the gold standard for diagnosing respiratory distress. This study aims to assess the efficiency of lung ultrasound in diagnosing respiratory distress, with a focus on preventing neonates from unnecessary radiation exposure.Methods: A multicentric prospective study was performed where neonates with gestational age 28-40 weeks were included based on presence of clinical signs of respiratory distress. Neonates with congenital anomalies or those who received surfactant therapy were excluded. Within 6 hrs of birth, these neonates underwent X ray chest and ultrasound. Final interpretation of chest x-ray was done by the blinded radiologist. A trained neonatologist used transthoracic view in ultrasound for the initial interpretation.Results: A total of 80 neonates were enrolled in the study, among whom 49 were diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome, 22 with transient tachypnoea of the newborn, 4 with pneumonia, and 5 classified as normal. Lung ultrasound exhibited a sensitivity of 95.9% and a specificity of 90.3% for the diagnosis of respiratory distress, with a positive predictive value of 94% and a negative predictive value of 93.3%.Conclusions: Lung ultrasound proves to be a highly efficient diagnostic tool for respiratory distress in neonates, offering the added advantage of avoiding harmful radiation exposure associated with chest X-rays. Early detection of respiratory distress can facilitate timely management and significantly improve neonatal outcomes. Further adoption and validation of point of care lung ultrasound in clinical practice hold the potential to enhance neonatal care.
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    Evaluation of role of topical 0.2% Glyceryl trinitrate ointment and topical 2% Diltiazem ointment in healing of anal fissure.
    (2015-02) Aggarwal, Varun; Dhingra, Rachna; Singh, Gurpal; Monga, Shamim; Jain, Anuj; Bansal, Vivek; Shivani
    Backround: The patho-physiology of anal fissure is thought to be related to trauma to the anoderm from any cause. A tear in the anoderm causes acute pain, which results in spasm of the internal anal sphincter and decreased blood supply to the anoderm. Aim: To comparative evaluation of topical 0.2% Glyceryl trinitrate ointment and topical 2% Diltiazem ointment in anal fissure and to evaluate the role of topical 0.2% Glyceryl trinitrate ointment and topical 2% Diltiazem ointment in healing of anal fissure as compared to prevalent conservative treatment i.e. topical anaesthetics Material and methods: The study was conducted on the patients of anal fissure reported in outpatient department of General Surgery at Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot including 60 patients which randomized in 3 groups, group A, group B and group C. the data was statistically analyzed using the SPSS version 16. Results: Improvement in constipation after 8 weeks of treatment were 85%, 85% and 80% in Group A, B and C respectively and p value was non-significant (0.887). Improvement in bleeding after 8 weeks of treatment were 90%, 90% and 85% in Group A, B and C respectively and p value was non- significant (0.851). Healing was 78.57%, 92.31% and 46.15% in Group A, B and C respectively Conclusion: Topical 2% Diltiazem and 0.2% Glyceryl trinitrate ointment are equally effective in healing of chronic anal fissure. However, early pain improvement and fewer side effect profile of Topical 2% Diltiazem ointment; this study suggests it as first line treatment of chronic anal fissure.
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    Incidence-and-complications-of-emergency-obstetric-hysterectomy
    (INDIAN SOCIETY FOR HEALTH AND ADVANCED RESEARCH, 2024-07) Ayushi; Deshmukh, Ashvini; Shivani; Khedkar, Charul
    Background: Emergency obstetric hysterectomy (EOH) is a life-saving procedure performed for uncontrolled postpartum hemorrhage or infection. Understanding the epidemiology and outcomes of EOH is crucial for quality improvement. We aimed to determine the incidence, indications, complications, and risk factors for EOH at our center. Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed all cases of EOH over a 5-year period at a tertiary hospital. Data on indications, complications, and maternal outcomes were extracted from medical records. OfResults: 1500 deliveries, 30 underwent EOH (incidence 2%). The leading indication was uterine atony (56.7%). Major complications occurred in 13 patients (43.3%), including 8 cases of fever, 5 wound infections, and 2 mortalities. Grand multiparity and lack of antenatal care were significantly associated with EOH (p<0.05). The EOH rate of 2%Conclusion: demonstrates the life-saving role of this surgery, but the 43.3% complication rate highlights associated risks. Improving access to family planning services and antenatal care, prompt management of postpartum hemorrhage, infection control practices, and emergency obstetric care capacity are essential to reduce the incidence and morbidity of EOH.
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    Isolated intramuscular cysticercosis in an infant-a case report
    (Medip Academy, 2023-10) Shivani; Singh, Jatinder; Duggal, Manisha
    Intramuscular cysticercosis is a rare entity and presents diagnostic dilemma due to uncommon presentation. We present a case report of an 8-month-old child with muscular cysticercosis who presented with fever and a swelling on the abdominal wall. Through thorough clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and imaging studies, the diagnosis of intramuscular cysticercosis was established. The patient received prompt treatment with anthelmintic drug, leading to successful management. This case emphasizes the importance of considering muscular cysticercosis as a differential diagnosis in infants presenting with atypical symptoms, expanding our understanding of the diverse clinical presentations of this uncommon condition in pediatric populations.
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    Post Harvest Handling of Fruit Crops
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-11) Jain, S; Saxena, S; Minz, V; Behera, SD; Harini, K; Shivani; Mishra, S; Nidhi, N.
    Fruits are classified as perishable agricultural commodities. When fruits are harvested prematurely or when they are overripe, their storage life is shortened and their quality deteriorates. Therefore, it is important to harvest fruits at the appropriate stage of maturity in order to ensure good quality and better storage. Nevertheless, the inadequate implementation of proper handling techniques for agricultural produce has led to a significant occurrence of post-harvest losses, resulting in the wastage of valuable resources such as time and financial investments. The lack of appropriate handling procedures and chemical treatment methods are leading to significant losses in commodities. Therefore, it can be deduced that producers are currently experiencing significant economic detriment as a result of inadequate handling techniques, insufficient understanding of the underlying factors contributing to postharvest loss, and a dearth of effective preservation methodologies. However, the mitigation of loss can be achieved through the implementation of appropriate management and handling procedures. This review focuses on various aspects of post-harvest handling methods for preservation of fruits for longer time for processing and value addition.
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    Prosthetic Status and Prosthetic Needs of Geriatric Population of Meerut – A Cross-sectional Study
    (International Research Organization for Life & Health Sciences, 2024-07) Sharma, A; Arjun, PB; Siwach, A; Shivani; Bahl, R; Bharathesh, S
    Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the community’s level of edentulousness, prosthetic status, and needs in the community and to study the correlation between oral health parameter and socioeconomic status (SES). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among the geriatric population with seniors 60 years of age and older. A sample size of 600 was estimated. Data were collected using the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form 1997 to determine the prosthesis status and requirement. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: Out of 600 elderly participants, 280 were males and 320 were females. Among males, 75.4% had no prosthesis in the upper arch, and 83.5% had none in the lower arch, while 78% of females had no prosthesis in the upper arch and 85.7% in the lower arch. The need for a full prosthesis was higher among males (37% upper arch, 42% lower arch) compared to females (19% upper arch, 25% lower arch). The study revealed that 23% of participants did not need an upper arch prosthesis, and 15% did not need a lower arch prosthesis. Overall, 77% required prostheses in both arches, with a higher percentage of lower SES participants needing prostheses. Conclusion: Geriatric patients visiting the institutional outpatient department showed higher rates of unmet prosthetic needs, with age and SES significantly impacting prosthetic status and need, while gender did not. The study’s analysis highlights the complex interplay of these factors, offering valuable insights for developing interventions to improve oral health outcomes in the elderly.