IMSEAR Repository :: Browsing by Author "Mukhopadhyay, A"

Browsing by Author "Mukhopadhyay, A"

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Age variations in overweight men and women in rural areas of Hooghly District, West Bengal.
(2007-01-01) Sadhukhan, S K; Bose, K; Mukhopadhyay, A; Bhadra, M
A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 598 men and women to investigate age and sex variations in the prevelence of overweight, obesity and hypertension among adult (>18 years) residents of Dearah, Hooghly District, West Bengal. Height, weight and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure mesurements were made on each subject. Prevelence of overweight was significantly higher among women. There existed significant age-group differences among men in the frequency of overweight and obese individuals. The overall (both sexes combined) prevelence of hypertension was 25.9%. There was significant age-group difference in the prevelence of hypertension. There was a consistent trend in increasing rates of hypertension as well as mean BMI, SBP, DBP and mean arterial pressure (MAP) with increasing age.
A brief summary of human molecular genetic techniques for clinical psychiatrists
(Academy Publisher, 2021-06) Rai, CB; Mukhopadhyay, A; Deshpande, SN; Thelma, BK.
Concerted and systematic efforts to understand genetics of human health and disease over the preceding 60 odd years have witnessed remarkable progress. The incremental gains through this journey were enabled by chromosomal analysis, recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) techniques, notable discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms following the Human Genome Project, consequent genome-wide variant-based studies, and now whole genome sequencing with ultimate diagnostic potential. Of note, success in prediction and prevention of chromosomal and single gene disorders comprising ~six to eight per cent each of all genetic disorders have been unprecedented but uncovering genetics of common complex disorders conferring ~60% of the genetic disease burden continues to pose a challenge and await new analytical paradigms - a mix of reductionist and organismal biology together with artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches being the current trend. A brief account of this path of progress in medical genetics and genomic insights along with limitations, to achieve the overarching goals of predictive, preventive, personalised, and participatory medicine is presented in this article.
Diversity of ground arthropod community at organic and chemically intensive tea plantation of Darjeeling terai.
(2003-10-14) Mukhopadhyay, A; Sherpa, P W; Pradhan, B
Tea in Darjeeling foothills and terai are grown conventionally, with application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as organically without these inputs. Ground level arthropod community was collected from the above two types of tea plots using pitfall traps. Catches from these environments showed variation in the arthropod faunal structure with numerically and taxonomically greater abundance in the organic than that of the conventional plot. Coleopterans were more diverse with largest number of families and Recognizable Taxonomic Units (or morphospecies) in the organic tea plot. The diversity and similarity indices for coleopterans were comparable, in organic and conventional tea plots at species and family levels. The close relationship of the indices suggested that diversity study at family level could be used as surrogate for species level diversity; thus alleviating the laborious and expertise job of taxonomic identification of arthropod species. Faunal diversity study at ground level gave the clue that soil of the organic plantation was healthier than that of the conventional tea plot.
DNA linkage based diagnosis of Wilson disease in asymptomatic siblings.
(2003-11-16) Gupta, A; Neogi, R; Mukherjea, M; Mukhopadhyay, A; Roychoudhury, S; Senapati, A; Gangopadhyay, P K; Ray, Kunal
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by defects in ATP7B gene located in chromosome 13q14, and manifested as hepatolenticular degeneration as a result of accumulation of copper. No information on the mutation in the ATP7B gene and haplotypes using linked markers is available for WD patients in India. Hence, the present study was undertaken to identify, by a PCR-based molecular diagnostic test, presymptomatic siblings of WD affected individuals in families with multiple offspring. METHODS: Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood of the patients, siblings and his/her first degree relatives. The repeat-markers flanking WD locus were amplified by PCR using fluorescent labeled primers. Amplified DNA fragments were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in ABI 377 DNA sequencing system. Genotypes of the samples were determined using Genescan software. Haplotypes were determined based on segregation of the alleles in the families under study. RESULTS: Among 15 WD affected families with multiple children, 4 cases were identified where younger siblings shared same genotype as the patient at all three markers analyzed. Further, eight different haplotypes were detected in the four patients. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The siblings of the WD patients carrying the same genotype at the markers linked to WD locus were presymptomatically diagnosed individuals. Presence of eight different haplotypes in the four patients suggested mutational heterogeneity at the WD locus. The test helps clinicians for therapeutic intervention in suspect WD cases by copper chelating agents prior to manifestation of overt clinical symptoms.
Economic cost analysis in cancer management and its relevance today.
(2009-07) Sharma, K; Das, S; Mukhopadhyay, A; Rath, G K; Mohanti, B K
The global cancer burden has shown a distinct shift in the last two decades and its financial impact can be large, even among patients living in high resource countries, with comprehensive health insurance policies. It is hard to imagine its impact on patients of developing countries where insurance policies exist infrequently and often cost becomes the greatest barrier in availing cancer treatment. It is recognized that these costs include the direct cost of disease treatment and care, indirect costs accrued by the patient and the family, and economic losses to the society as a whole. Economic cost analysis or cost-effectiveness analysis has emerged as a basic tool in the evaluation of health-care practices. To date, these cost data have been collected only sporadically, even in the most developed countries, and there is a great need for incorporating economic cost assessment practices in developing countries, so that patients and their families can access the care adequately. The current review has been done using pubmed and medline search with keywords like cancer, cost-analysis, cost-effectiveness, economic burden, medical cost, etc.
Effect of pituitary homograft on accessory sex organs in young male rats.
(1987-07-01) Tripathi, Y; Mukhopadhyay, A
The effect of prolactin secreted from pituitary homografts under renal capsule of castrated young male rats (30 days old) either alone or in combination with testosterone propionate (TP) on accessory sex organs were studied. Fresh weights of seminal vesicle, prostate coagulating glands and preputial glands were recorded as well as the total protein content and acid phosphatase activity in prostate and seminal vesicle was determined. Prolactin secreted from grafted tissue along or in combination with TP significantly increased the weights of sex accessories but no clear synergism was evident. However, synergism between prolactin and TP was observed in stimulating protein content and acid phosphatase activity of prostate and seminal vesicle. The results indicate that prolactin can act directly and also synergistically with androgen to maintain certain aspects of the functions of accessory sex glands in male rats.
Emaciation and immobility due to enormously growing degenerating subserosal fibroid up to mid-thorax during pregnancy and following childbirth-an unusual presentation managed by multidisciplinary approach
(Medip Academy, 2025-02) Bhadra, A; Mukhopadhyay, A; Dey, R; Biswas, R
Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are common neoplasms in women of childbearing age, with prevalence of approximately 10.7% in pregnancy. Subserosal fibroids are typically less symptomatic but can lead to significant complications during pregnancy, such as degeneration and hemorrhage. Large, rapidly growing fibroids, particularly those causing compression and degeneration, present challenges in clinical management, requiring careful consideration of delivery routes, timing, and the preservation of fertility. This case report addresses the complex management of a patient with enormously growing degenerating subserosal fibroids during pregnancy and postpartum. A 32-year-old nulliparous woman presented at 8 weeks gestation with large subserosal fibroids. Despite adequate fetal growth, the fibroids grew substantially during pregnancy, resulting in cachexia, immobility, and dyspnoea by the third trimester. The patient required multiple blood transfusions and frequent monitoring. At 32 weeks, after delivery via category 3 cesarean section, complications arose including postpartum hemorrhage, which was managed with uterotonics. Postpartum, the patient experienced a significant increase in fibroid size, causing further complications such as respiratory distress and abdominal distension. This required a laparotomy followed by myomectomy. The patient underwent successful laparotomy for the removal of the degenerated fibroid cyst, with along with drainage of 38 litres of cystic fluid. Postoperative care involved intensive monitoring, including respiratory management and fluid replacement. Histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of a benign degenerated leiomyoma. The patient’s postoperative recovery was gradual, with significant improvement in her symptoms. This case highlights the rare and challenging scenario of rapidly growing subserosal fibroids in pregnancy and postpartum. The multidisciplinary approach was crucial for managing both phases of the patient’s care during pregnancy to ensure fetal well-being and manage complications, and postpartum to address the growing fibroids. Though uterine subserosal fibroids generally do not impact pregnancy significantly, in rare cases, such as this, they can lead to severe complications requiring surgical intervention.
Evaluation of endometrial changes and p53 expression in tamoxifen treated women: comparison of various methods.
(2006-04-08) Pokharel, H P; Bhatla, N; Kriplani, A; Mukhopadhyay, A; Srivastava, A; Ralhan, R
OBJECTIVE: To compare transvaginal sonography (TVS), sonohysterography (SHG), hysteroscopy and endometrial aspiration (EA) and p53 expression in assessing endometrial abnormalities in women on tamoxifen. METHODS: In a cross sectional study of 50 pre- and post-menopausal women receiving tamoxifen for > 2 years, all participants underwent TVS and EA. Those with endometrial thickness > 4 mm on TVS underwent hysteroscopy and SHG. Serum p53 antibody and p53 immunohistochemistry were tested in all women. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity when compared with histopathology as the reference standard were as follows: TVS 100% and 33.3%, SHG 85.7% and 50%, hysteroscopy 92.8% and 80.8%, serum p53 50% and 83.3%, and p53 immunohistochemistry 57.1% and 61.1%. Prevalence of endometrial abnormalities was not significantly different in asymptomatic and symptomatic women. CONCLUSION: Tamoxifen-users require routine testing for endometrial evaluation. TVS followed by hysteroscopy and biopsy is an effective option. p53 expression correlates with histological abnormalities.
Evaluation of some newer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory indan-1-acids in various biological systems.
(1992-07-01) Mukhopadhyay, A; Lahiri, S C
In line of the effort towards development of some newer indanyl non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and providing comprehensive SAR among this class of compounds some significantly active derivatives with low ulcerogenic potential were identified. Dealing with various long chain and branched chain compounds among this series, 3-(5, 6-dimethoxy indan-1-yl) propionic acid, 2-(5, 6-dimethoxy indan-1-yl) propionic acid and 3-(6-methoxy indan-1-yl) propionic acid were observed to have encouraging biological activity. Screening in various animal models of inflammation suggests their longer duration of action and lower ulcerogenic liability.
Influence of Social Support on Treatment Adherence and Self-care among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Field Practice Areas of a Tertiary Medical College in Bangalore- A Cross-sectional Study
(MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2025-04) G, Hegde V; S, S; Mukhopadhyay, A; Debata, I; Sagar, Panda P; R, Bhagavati V
Background: As a chronic illness, type 2 diabetes necessitates regular self-care. In this context, the social assistance provided is crucial. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the levels of social support in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and to identify the influence of social support on treatment adherence and self-care activities. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 T2DM patients in the medical college's field practice areas. Data regarding the sociodemographic details, clinical and treatment history, social support level (Social Support Rating Scale), and management of self-care activities (Summary of Diabetes Self-care activities) were collected. Compiled data was analyzed using IBM SPSS software. Data was interpreted as frequencies, percentages, and means. Association was tested using the Chi-square test and Spearman’s correlation. A p-value less than 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: There were 53% females and 47% males. Most participants (83.25%) had a moderate level of social support. Medication adherence and blood glucose monitoring were the most practiced self-care practices. Support level was significantly associated with activities of self-care (proper dietary practice, regular physical activity, and foot hygiene). Conclusion: More than two-thirds of the patients had a moderate to high social support level, which significantly correlated with self-care activities.
Possibilities of Developing New Formulations for Better Skin Protection from a Traditional Medicinal Plant Having Potent Practical Usage.
(2014-04) Dasgupta, A; Jeyaseeli, L; Mukhopadhyay, A; Palchoudhuri, S; Roy, D Sinha; De, B; Dastidar, S G
Aims: Natural products obtained from different types of plants have made an important impact since ancient times throughout Asia. Since wood of Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem has been used traditionally by women in Southeast Asia for protection against sunlight and other harmful environmental factors, present study was aimed to determine antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of water extract of H. crenulata wood. Methodology: Wood was powdered, soaked in water, macerated, extracted fluid was lyophilized and tested for antioxidant and antimicrobial properties following standard techniques. The IC50 values were calculated from regression equations prepared from concentrations of extract and inhibition percent of free radical formation. The extract was screened for antimicrobial action following international guidelines against 44 organisms. Results: In DPPH assay system IC50 value was 344.74 μg/ml, the same for superoxide scavenging assay was 326.13μg/ml, while in hydroxyl radical scavenging system it was 999.85 μg/ml. Among 32 strains of staphylococci 10 strains were inhibited at 25 -50 μg /ml level of the extract, 6 strains at 100 μg /ml, 4 at 200 μg /ml and the remaining 12 strains were resistant. Strains of Bacillus spp and Vibrio vulnificus were rather sensitive to the extract, while E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant. Thus the extract was inhibitory for bacteria known to invade human skin. Conclusions: The distinctly beneficial properties of the wood of H. crenulata indicate its usefulness as a highly active agent for the protection of skin against invasion by microorganisms and free radicals including those that may come from the sunlight.
Producing quality quacks.
(1990-11-01) Mukhopadhyay, A
Prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitory activity of some indian-1 acids in relation to their anti-inflammatory activity and ulcerogenic potency.
(1993-04-01) Mukhopadhyay, A; Roy, A; Lahiri, S C
Continuation of our work towards development of some newer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents led us to some substituted indian-1-acids with low ulcerogenic liability. Prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitory activity of these indian acids and their acid dissociation constants were evaluated in view of their activity profile.
Results of allogeneic bone marrow transplant in chronic myeloid leukaemia following conditioning with busulfan and cyclophosphamide.
(1999-08-25) Saikia, T K; Advani, S H; Parikh, P M; Bapna, A; Somjee, S; Mukhopadhyay, A; Gopal, R; Nair, C N
OBJECTIVE: To study the outcome of oral busulfan and intravenous cyclophosphamide (BuCY 2 regimen) followed by allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) in a cohort of patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in a single centre. METHODS: From 1991 to March 1998, a total of 27 consecutive Ph+ CML patients received busulfan 4 mg/kg/day over 4 days and cyclophosphamide 60 mg/kg/day over 2 days followed by infusion of HLA-identical sibling haematopoietic stem cells. All except one (who received peripheral blood stem cells) were given donor bone marrow cells. Post-transplant graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis included a short course of methotrexate (on days +1, +3, +6 and +11) and cyclosporine till day +180. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 30.5 months (1-55+ months), 14 patients (52%) are alive free from relapse. Early mortality was relatively high with 10 patients (37%) dying within first 100 days post-transplant. Acute GVHD developed in 14 patients (52%) inspite of GVHD prophylaxis with methotrexate and cyclosporine; six had grade I/II and eight grade III/IV. Chronic GVHD developed in five of 15 patients who lived beyond 70 days. CONCLUSION: Allogeneic BMT appears to result in eradication of CML and ensure disease free survival in about half of the young patients. However, efforts should be on to minimise early mortality.
Spinal anesthesia during cesarean section and persisting low back pain: a cross sectional study in West Bengal, India
(Siddharth Health Research and Social Welfare Society, 2019-12) Mukhopadhyay, A; Bhattacharyya, A; Kumar, Syamal, A; Chanda, S
Background: Spinal anesthesia related spinal injury can be a major issue in elevating back pain. Several evidences have established this process as a significant contributor of back pain; though contradictions are also present. This study aims to focus on the consequences of back pain associated with the effects of spinal anesthesia that have been received before several years. Methodology: 48 housewives are included in this study (20 subjects for vaginal delivery and 28 subjects for spinal anaesthesia induced cesarean section) based on convenient sampling method through assessing their socio-economic status and other attributing criteria. Pain detect tool was used to track back pain status and a semi structure questionnaire was used to explore other considerations. Results: Results have shown significant differences in pain responses after receiving spinal anesthesia (exposed group) than control group. Subjects have reflected significant differences in their pain perception scores. Conclusion: This study concludes that subjects have shown significant higher pain perception levels after receiving spinal anesthesia compared to general anesthesia. Decision of Cesarean section delivery should include patient’s previous pain conditions and current need. Acute care in post surgical pain should be immediately addressed even after several months of the surgery.
Visual inspection for cervical cancer screening: evaluation by doctor versus paramedical worker.
(2004-01-24) Bhatla, N; Mukhopadhyay, A; Joshi, S; Kumar, A; Kriplani, A; Pandey, R M; Verma, K
BACKGROUND: In the absence of an effective cervical cancer screening programme, efforts are being made to explore the feasibility of using the existing infrastructure to develop effective low-cost screening methods. AIMS: To evaluate and compare test performance of visual inspection of the cervix by a doctor and a paramedical worker. SETTING AND DESIGN: Gynaecology outpatient department (OPD), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; cross-sectional study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred women with complaints of vaginal discharge, irregular bleeding, post coital bleeding or unhealthy cervix underwent visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and Lugol's iodine (VILI) by a doctor and nurse, followed by colposcopy and biopsy. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each test and compared. Concordance was determined by kappa statistics. RESULTS: VIA by nurse had a higher sensitivity (100% versus 87.5%), but lower specificity (53% versus 63%) when compared with the doctor, but it was not statistically significant. There was moderate agreement between their VIA findings (kappa=0.56). VILI findings were comparable to that of the VIA, both by the doctor and nurse. There was almost perfect agreement (kappa=0.89) between VILI by the doctor and nurse. CONCLUSION: Visual inspection can be performed reliably by trained paramedical workers and doctors and is an effective screening option in low resource settings.

Browsing by Author "Mukhopadhyay, A"

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