Browsing by Author "Iqbal, A."

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    Anthropometric Characteristics And Physical Fitness Of Urban And Rural 8-10 Years Old School Girls Of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
    (Vasinformatics, 2019-04) Haq, M. Z. ul; Iqbal, A.; Afzal, A.; Ahmad , H.; Abbas, S.; Yaqoob , M.
    Background: The assessment of anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness assist the researcher in comparing the growth and health status of urban and rural school girls. Purpose of this research was to examine anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness of urban and rural school girls of district Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Methods: The participants were government primary schoolgirls (urban = 200), and (rural = 200), within the age of 8-10 years. The selected anthropometric and physical fitness variables were stature, body mass, skinfolds, girths, breadths, lengths, speed, standing broad jump, agility, ball throw, handgrip strength, endurance, and flexibility. A student t-test was applied to assess the difference between urban and rural school girls in their anthropometric and physical fitness measures. Results: Results showed the urban school girl was significantly superior in body mass, iliac-crest skinfold(P< .04), abdominal skinfold(P< .04), waist girth (P< .04), hip girth (P< .01), thigh girth(P< .01), arm length, and hand length. In contrast, the rural school girls were significantly higher in speed(P< .02), agility(P< .02), ball throw (P< .02), flexibility( P< .03), run and walk (P< .04) than the urban school girls. Conclusion: It is concluded the urban school girls were higher in skin folds and girths, indicate high body fats than rural school girls. As a result, urban school girls were lower in fitness capacity than rural because higher body fat reduces fitness performance. It is suggested the parents and school administration focus to provide such activities to improve physical fitness and reduce body fats of urban school girls. The future study focusses on investigating the effects of food intake on the anthropometric characteristics, and physical fitness of urban and rural school children.
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    Clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Commiphora muku (Muqil) on thyroid function in hypothyroidism
    (Medip Academy, 2023-09) Iqbal, A.; Habib, A.; Ahmad, S. Z.; Afzal, A.; Jan, A.; Huma; Shah, A.
    Background: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in which there is deficient production of thyroid hormone. Even though hormone replacement therapy is the mainstay treatment of hypothyroidism, but due to adverse effects on long term use, safe and effective Unani herbal drugs need to be researched. A decrease in serum concentrations of thyroid hormone causes an increased secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thus resulting in elevated serum TSH concentration. Methods: The methods used to determine thyroid dysfunction are still serum thyroid stimulating hormone and the main circulating thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine either as total or estimated free concentrations, and it is indeed the improved assay sensitivities and specificities that have made it possible to diagnose these milder forms. TSH, T3 and T4 with safety parameters tests were done before treatment and after completion of treatment in both the groups in order to make the proper diagnosis, to exclude other systemic ailments and to assess the efficacy/safety of the proposed herbal drug. Results: The effects of test drug on lowering the raised serum TSH are attributed to the thyroid activities of the test drug which shoes highly significance p<0.01 before and after intervention. In respect of thyroxin there were no significant results between the test and control group. Conclusions: The study concluded that the efficacy of Commiphora mukul (Muqil) on thyroid function was designed to explore the role of Unani herbal drugs in the management of hypothyroidism on Unani principles is effective, safe and cost effective.
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    A hospital-based descriptive study of Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan-Arogya Yojana: an analysis of 4844 claims
    (Medip Academy, 2024-03) Mufti, S.; Khalil, I.; Ali, T.; Mufti, H.; Iqbal, A.; Tariq, R.; Jan, F. A.
    Background: Current study was undertaken to analyze Ayushman Bharat claims settled during the initial two years of launch of the scheme in an empaneled, public hospital in northern India. Objective was descriptive analysis of 4844 settled claims in terms of demographic characteristics of beneficiaries, procedures and packages availed by them in an empaneled public hospital during the initial two years of the launch of the scheme. Methods: A cross-sectional records study of 4844 settled claims was conducted in a public, empanelled 1015 bedded tertiary care multi-specialty hospital of north India. Anonymized data was collected from the transaction management module of AB-PMJAY scheme and hospitalization record of patients retrieved from medical records department. Results: The study revealed that around 4844 claims were settled during the initial two years (December 2018 to December 2020). Highest number of claims (43.33%) were availed under general medicine category. Chemotherapy packages availed under medical oncology were 37.45% of all claims. Interventional cardiology packages were the costliest. Conclusions: The study provides an insight into the frequency of various claims, their costs, disease/procedural burden of beneficiary patients of AB-PMJAY. It will provide policy feedback and help in future planning and implementation of the scheme.
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    Impact of Moringa oleifera on the post-prandial blood glucose level among adults in Rawalpindi, Pakistan
    (Medip Academy, 2023-10) Amer, M.; Fatima, S. A.; Gondal, H. H. U. U. R.; Iqbal, A.; Warrarich, B. I.; Mehmood, A.; Khan, T. M.
    Background: Moringa oleifera (MO) has been used in the treatment of the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) all over the world. However, studies in Pakistan which show impact of MO on the blood glucose are lacking. This study was aimed to assess the impact of the MO leaf powder capsules on post-prandial blood glucose levels in diabetic and non-diabetic participants. Methods: This pilot study was conducted in a health care center, Rawalpindi, Pakistan among 14 diabetic and 14 non-diabetic participants for one year from January 2021 to December 2022. All participants were asked to fast for 12 hours on two occasions and each time their blood glucose levels were assessed via glucometer after giving bread. On first visit without MO capsules and on next visit with MO capsules. Data analysis was done by applying descriptive and paired t-test via SPSS version 25. Results: The mean values for study population of age, fasting blood glucose level, and post-prandial blood glucose level without giving MO capsules were, 51.50 with SD±5.28 year, 136.94 with SD±39.64 mg/dL, and 306.31 SD±151.35 mg/dL respectively. After 90 minutes of Intake of MO leaf powder capsule, the reduction in post-prandial blood glucose level in diabetic patients was significant (p=0.03), however, in non-diabetic healthy participants, it was statistically insignificant (p=0.08). No side-effects of MO were observed in any participant. Conclusions: In short, this study showed that Moringa oleifera ingestion decreases post-prandial blood glucose level significantly among diabetic, while not in non-diabetic. Moreover, intake of MO has no side effects.