Transmission of HIV-1 Via Oral Route: Why is it difficult?
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Date
2010-09-01
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Journal of the Dental Association of Thailand
Abstract
Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) via oral route is considered to be uncommon. Several factors at mucosal surfaces and in saliva may play roles in local defense against the viral infection of target cells. The objective of this article was to review local innate immunity that contributes to the oral resistance against HIV-1. Oral epithelial cells play significant roles in local innate immunity. They provide physical barrier and also produce antimicrobial peptides that possess anti-HIV-1 activity. This article described mechanisms of HIV-1 transmission, role of epithelial cells and antiviral mechanisms in the oral cavity including human beta-defensins (hBDs) in HIV-1 transmission at mucosal surfaces.
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Journal of the Dental Association of Thailand; Vol. 59 No.4 October-December 2009; 201-212