GC-FID guided Identification and Quantification of detectable Phytochemicals in selected Commercial Chamomile Herbal Tea

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dc.contributor.authorUgoeze, Kenneth C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAmadi, Noraen_US
dc.contributor.authorOkoronkwo, Ngozi A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAbali, Sunday O.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOluigbo, Kennedy E.en_US
dc.contributor.authorChinko, Bruno C.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-25T06:43:54Z
dc.date.available2023-08-25T06:43:54Z
dc.date.issued2023-03
dc.description.abstractBackground and objective: Phytochemicals are plant-based bioactive ingredients found in tea, fruits, and vegetables with multiple health benefits. This study aimed to identify and quantify the detectable phytochemicals in selected products of chamomile herbal tea (CHT) using the Gas Chromatography - Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) approach. Methods: Selected CHTs were coded as CHT-A to CHT-G. CHT-F was crude and unbranded however, CHT-G was an oil extract of CHT. Ethanolic extracts of CHT were analysed and quantified for their phytoconstituents using the GC-FID method. Results: Phytochemicals detected in their order of abundance in most CHTs were flavonoids > glycosides > alkaloids > steroids > anti-nutrients > saponins > tannins > resveratrol. The flavonoids comprised rutin > flavanone > flavone > anthocyanin > epicatechin > kaempferol > naringenin > proanthocyanin, etc. where the glycosides found in each CHT involved cardiac and cyanogenic glycosides. Alkaloids were highest in CHT-A as ribalinidine > spartein > lunamarin with ephedrine detected just in CHT-B, CHT-C, CHT-D, CHT-E and CHT-F. Saponins occurred in four samples mainly as sapogenin. Anti-nutrients were detected in each CHT and included the phytates and oxalates. Resveratrol was detected in three samples only. Conclusion: Most of the CHTs evaluated showed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, anti-nutrients, saponins, tannins and resveratrol.en_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeriaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Zoology & Environmental Biology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeriaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani City, Enugu, Nigeriaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.en_US
dc.identifier.citationUgoeze Kenneth C., Amadi Nora, Okoronkwo Ngozi A., Abali Sunday O., Oluigbo Kennedy E., Chinko Bruno C.. GC-FID guided Identification and Quantification of detectable Phytochemicals in selected Commercial Chamomile Herbal Tea. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology. 2023 Mar; 14(1): 1-11en_US
dc.identifier.issn0976-4550
dc.identifier.placeIndiaen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/225569
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherApplied Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciencesen_US
dc.relation.issuenumber1en_US
dc.relation.volume14en_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.doi.org/10.26502/ijabpt.202120en_US
dc.subjectGC-FID identification and quantificationen_US
dc.subjectPhytochemicalen_US
dc.subjectChamomileen_US
dc.subjectHerbal teaen_US
dc.titleGC-FID guided Identification and Quantification of detectable Phytochemicals in selected Commercial Chamomile Herbal Teaen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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