Dietary Patterns and Risk of Gallbladder Disease: A Hospital-based Case-Control Study in Adult Women.
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Date
2015-03
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Abstract
Gallbladder disease is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders that may result from a complex
interaction of genetic and environmental factors. This study examined the association of dietary patterns
with gallstone disease among Iranian women. This case-control study was conducted in general teaching
hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Participants were 101 female cases and 204 female controls aged 40-65 years who
were admitted for problems other than GBD. Dietary patterns were identified using principal components
analysis based on food frequency questionnaire. Compared to the control group, cases were less educated,
less physically active, and consumed more total energy (p<0.02). Having ≥3 livebirths increased the risk of
gallstone by more than 5 times, followed by having rapid weight loss, being single, having familial history
of gallstone, and consuming high total energy. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified in women
(healthy and unhealthy). After adjustment for several confounding variables, healthy dietary pattern was
associated with a decreased risk of gallstone disease (OR=0.14, 95% CI 0.048-0.4) while unhealthy dietary
pattern was associated with an increased risk (OR=3.77, 95% CI 1.52-9.36). These findings confirm that
dietary pattern approach provides potentially useful and relevant information on the relationship between
diet and disease. Identifying risk factors will provide an opportunity for prevention of gallbladder disease
in developing countries facing an increased risk of obesity.
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Keywords
Dietary patterns, Factor analysis, Gallbladder disease, Women, Iran
Citation
Jessri Mahsa, Rashidkhani Bahram. Dietary Patterns and Risk of Gallbladder Disease: A Hospital-based Case-Control Study in Adult Women. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition. 2015 Mar; 33(1): 39-49.