Essential medicines for cardiovascular diseases in India: Rapid appraisal of policies and processes at the subnational level

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dc.contributor.authorGARG, ANKURen_US
dc.contributor.authorMURPHY, ADRIANNAen_US
dc.contributor.authorKRISHNA, ASHISHen_US
dc.contributor.authorSAHOO, SWAGATA KUMARen_US
dc.contributor.authorHUFFMAN, MARK Den_US
dc.contributor.authorKISHORE, SANDEEP Pen_US
dc.contributor.authorSHIVASHANKAR, ROOPAen_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-27T08:32:46Z
dc.date.available2023-06-27T08:32:46Z
dc.date.issued2022-12
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND The burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and response to health systems vary widely at the subnational level in India. Our study aimed to assess the variation in state-level access to medicines for CVDs by comparing the essential medicines lists (EMLs) at the national and subnational levels in India and by rapid appraisal of the existing policies and processes of drug procurement. METHODS We assessed the inclusion of six classes of medicines for CVDs in the recent and publicly available national and subnational EMLs from July to September 2018 in the states of Telangana and Madhya Pradesh. We examined the drug procurement and distribution policies and processes using documentary review and five key informant interviews between March and June 2018. RESULTS The WHO’s EML, India’s national EML, and 21 of 28 publicly available (75%) Indian state and Union Territory EMLs included all six classes of essential medicines for CVDs. However, some medicines were not included in the policy packages of essential medicines meant for primary health centres. Both the states used centralized tendering and decentralized distribution as part of the public sector drug procurement process. The requirement was based on the previous year’s consumption. The approximate time between procurement planning and distribution was 7–8 months in both the states. CONCLUSION Substantial variation exists in the selection of drugs for CVDs in EMLs at the subnational level in India. Improving forecasting techniques for requirement of medicines and reducing time lags between forecasting and distribution to health facilities may allow for better access to essential medicines.en_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsCentre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsCentre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UKen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsResolve to Save Lives, Gurugram, Haryana, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicagoen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDivision of Food Policy, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsUniversity of California San Francisco, California, USAen_US
dc.identifier.citationGARG ANKUR, MURPHY ADRIANNA, KRISHNA ASHISH, SAHOO SWAGATA KUMAR, HUFFMAN MARK D, KISHORE SANDEEP P, SHIVASHANKAR ROOPA. Essential medicines for cardiovascular diseases in India: Rapid appraisal of policies and processes at the subnational level. The National Medical Journal of India. 2022 Dec; 35(6): 357-363en_US
dc.identifier.issn0970-258X
dc.identifier.issn2583-150X
dc.identifier.placeIndiaen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/218240
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherAll India Institute of Medical Sciencesen_US
dc.relation.issuenumber6en_US
dc.relation.volume35en_US
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_35_6_357en_US
dc.titleEssential medicines for cardiovascular diseases in India: Rapid appraisal of policies and processes at the subnational levelen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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