Effect of primaquine standard dose (15 mg/day for 14 days) in the treatment of vivax malaria patients in Thailand.
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Date
2001-12-04
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Abstract
Primaquine (8-aminoquinoline), the only effective drug to prevent relapses of the persistent liver forms of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale, can induce hemolytic anemia in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The severity varies considerably among affected individuals. Three hundred and sixty-four Plasmodium vivax cases (342 G6PD-normal and 22 G6PD-deficient) were given a 3-day course of chloroquine (total dose 1,500 mg) followed by primaquine 15 mg a day for 14 days and completed a 28-day follow-up. All G6PD-deficient patients were male; there were no relapses or serious adverse events during the study. Although a significant decrease in hematocrit levels and an increase in the percent reduction of hematocrit levels were observed on day 7 (34.9+/-5.0 vs 26.7+/-5.4; (-1.2)+/-14.4 vs (-24.5) +/-13.9 respectively) and on day 14 (35.7+/-4.3 vs 30.9+/-3.1; 1.6+/-17.8 vs (-11.0) +/-19.3 respectively) blood transfusion was not required. Daily doses of 15 mg of primaquine for 14 days following a full course of chloroquine when prescribed to Thai G6PD deficient patients where Mahidol variant is predominant, are relatively safe.
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The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health.
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Buchachart K, Krudsood S, Singhasivanon P, Treeprasertsuk S, Phophak N, Srivilairit S, Chalermrut K, Rattanapong Y, Supeeranuntha L, Wilairatana P, Brittenham G, Looareesuwan S. Effect of primaquine standard dose (15 mg/day for 14 days) in the treatment of vivax malaria patients in Thailand. The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health. 2001 Dec; 32(4): 720-6