Demographic profile and clinical characteristics of patients presenting with acute ocular burns
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Date
2023-07
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
All India Ophthalmological Society
Abstract
Purpose: To study and compare the demographic and clinical profile of acute ocular burns (AOB) in children and adults. Methods: This retrospective case series included 271 children (338 eyes) and 1300 adults (1809 eyes) who presented to two tertiary eye care centers within one month of sustaining AOB. Data regarding demographics, causative agents, severity of injury, visual acuity (VA), and treatment were collected and analyzed. Results: Males were more commonly affected particularly among adults (81% versus 64%, P < 0.00001). Among children, 79% sustained domestic injuries, whereas 59% of adults had work?place injuries (P < 0.0001). Most cases were due to alkali (38%) and acids (22%). Edible lime (chuna, 32%), superglue (14%), and firecrackers (12%) in children, and chuna (7%), insecticides, lye, superglue (6% each), toilet cleaner (4%) and battery acid (3%) in adults, were the main causative agents. The percentage of cases with Dua grade IV?VI was greater in children (16% versus 9%; P = 0.0001). Amniotic membrane grafting and/or tarsorrhaphy were needed in 36% and 14% of affected eyes in children and adults, respectively (P < 0.00001). The median presenting VA was logMAR 0.5 in children and logMAR 0.3 in adults (P = 0.0001), which improved significantly with treatment in both groups (P < 0.0001), but the final VA in eyes with Dua grade IV?VI burns was poorer in children (logMAR 1.3 versus logMAR 0.8, P = 0.04). Conclusion: The findings clearly delineate the at?risk groups, causative agents, clinical severity, and treatment outcomes of AOB. Increased awareness and data?driven targeted preventive strategies are needed to reduce the avoidable ocular morbidity in AOB
Description
Keywords
Acute ocular burns, chemical burns, thermal burns, amniotic membrane graft, chuna, firecrackers, insecticides, limbal stem cell deficiency, lime, simple limbal epithelial transplantation, superglue, tarsorrhaphy, toilet cleaner
Citation
Kate Anahita, Sharma Supriya, Yathish S, Das Anthony Vipin, Malepati Nikhila, Donthineni Pragnya R, Basu Sayan, D’Souza Sharon, Shanbhag Swapna S. Demographic profile and clinical characteristics of patients presenting with acute ocular burns. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2023 Jul; 71(7): 2694-2703