Lineage switch of acute myeloid leukemia to T-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A unique case report
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Date
2023-03
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Publisher
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
Abstract
“Lineage switch” is term described when leukemic cells on relapse exhibit a new phenotype, where losses of one lineage defining markers with simultaneous gain of another lineage defining markers occur. Relapse of acute leukemia is although a very common event, lineage switch occurs and reported very rarely in such cases. The pathogenesis involved in this phenomenon remains unclear; however plasticity of hematopoietic progenitor affected by intrinsic and extrinsic environmental cues can be a possible explanation. In most of the cases at the time of relapse conversion of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) occurs. Here, we presented an unusual case of 10 year old boy with AML switched to T-ALL upon relapse, which is very rare and not well documented till date in literature. The diagnosis was further supported by morphologic, cytochemistry and flowcytometric immunophenotyping (FCM-IPT). Prognosis and survival of such cases remains poor even by the use of standard chemotherapy.
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Keywords
AML, cytochemistry, flowcytometric immunophenotyping, lineage switch, T-ALL
Citation
Jamil SF, Sharma U, Singh C, Bansal S.. Lineage switch of acute myeloid leukemia to T-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A unique case report. Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology. 2023 Mar; 66(1): 191-195