Analysis of Ultrasonography and Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Nonpalpable Testis
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Date
2020-07
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Akshantala Enterprises Private Limited
Abstract
Undescended testis is one of the common disorders encountered in a male child. In nonpalpable testis, ultrasound often fails to locate the testis. Hence, diagnostic laparoscopy has recently replaced it in the management of nonpalpable testis. METHODSThis is a cross-sectional study conducted among all patients who presented between October 2018 and March 2020 with a nonpalpable testis and in whom ultrasound could not locate the testis. Analysis of ultrasound and diagnostic laparoscopy in nonpalpable testis was done. Statistical analysis was done by calculating accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for selected tests. RESULTS20 patients were included in the study. Most of them (95%) presented after 1 year. Most cases were unilateral 80%; left-sided in 45%, right sided in 35%, and 4 (20%) were bilateral. In 25% cases, the testis was located at the deep inguinal ring, and in 70% cases, it was intra-abdominal, although in 2 cases the testes were tiny like a nubbin. In 1 case, the vessels and vas entered the deep inguinal ring; hence inguinal exploration was done; however, as only a nubbin was found on exploration, orchidectomy was done. In 1 patient inguinal exploration done, whereas other patients were managed laparoscopically. In 2 patients, laparoscopic orchidectomy and in others, laparoscopic-assisted orchiopexy were done. CONCLUSIONSLaparoscopy is superior to ultrasound because of increased sensitivity in localizing a nonpalpable testis, time- and cost-effectiveness, and diagnostic as well as therapeutic options.
Description
Keywords
Ultrasound, Diagnostic Laparoscopy, Nonpalpable Testis
Citation
Sahu Raj Kumar, Gorthi Rajendra Prasad, Poondla Venkataramana, Chapara Vaibhav. Analysis of Ultrasonography and Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Nonpalpable Testis. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences. 2020 Jul; 9(30): 2109-2113