Study of Determinants of Various Anthropometric Measurements of Neonates at Birth.
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Date
2020-06
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Publisher
Akshantala Enterprises Private Limited
Abstract
Birth weight is considered as one of the most important factors that affect the neonatal mortality in both developing and developed countries. In addition, it is a significant determinant of post neonatal mortality, infant and childhood mortality and morbidity. This study was conducted to evaluate the various factors influencing anthropometric measurements of neonates at birth.METHODSThis is a hospital based cross sectional study consisting of neonates and their respective mothers delivered at Darbhanga Medical College, Laheriasarai, Bihar, during the period April 2018 to September 2019. Neonates were divided into three groups < 2500 gms, 2500-3500 gms, >3500 gms and these groups were studied in relation to the determining factors of mothers.RESULTSAmong 1000 babies, 56.3% were male and 43.7% were female. Mean birth weight was 2596.90 ± 542.79 gms ( ± SD). Mean birth weight was higher in males and LBW rate was higher in males. 37.3% of babies were LBW babies. Duration of gestation determines birth weight and other anthropometric parameters proportionately increase with birth weight. In the present study, 15.7% were preterm babies, and 1.8% of babies were post term babies. Factors like maternal age, weight, pregnancy weight gain, socio economic status, Muslim religion, maternal literacy, birth order (2nd onwards), male sex, singleton pregnancy, non-anaemic status, higher period of gestation and spacing had positive correlation with birth weight and negative correlation with LBW incidence. 1/3rd of LBW babies were preterm and 2/3rd were IUGR babies. In this study, anaemia and diabetes was 79.9% and 3% respectively. Maternal diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for macrosomia.CONCLUSIONSBy avoiding teenage pregnancies, adapting family planning methods, providing good quality antenatal care, improving maternal nutrition, spacing of more than three years, correcting anaemia, early recognition of obstetric complications and timely intervention will reduce percentage of LBW babies, increase the mean birth weight and increase the other newborn anthropometric parameters at birth, which will lower the infant mortality and improve the survival.
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Keywords
Anthropometric Measurements, Newborn, Determinants, Birth Weight, Low Birth Weight, Anaemia
Citation
Kumar Chandan, Kumar Ashok, Kumar Abhishek. Study of Determinants of Various Anthropometric Measurements of Neonates at Birth.. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences. 2020 Jun; 9(24): 1823-1826