The Efficacy And Validity Of Blood Flow Restriction Training In Clinical And Post-Surgical Populations
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Date
2019-10
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Vasinformatics
Abstract
Background: We currently know BFR training is a viable modality for strength gains in the healthy population. However, it is unknown the effect of BFR training on post-surgical and clinical populations. Furthermore, the optimal use of the BFR modality regarding resistance vs. no-resistance (bodyweight) is also unknown. This literature review adds new information to the field of BFR training specifically in the post-surgical and clinical populations. The objective of the study is to explore the validity and efficacy of blood-restriction training (BFR) in conjunction with low-load resistance training (LL-BFR) versus low-load training without BFR and high-load resistance training without BFR to determine which is superior for strength gains.
Methods: The authors used SPORTDiscus, EBSCO, PubMed, and Science Direct to search for peer-reviewed articles. The articles chosen had the keywords/phrases “BFR,” “vascular occlusion,” “strength training,” “resistance training.” The studied emphasized patients with either clinical conditions (osteoarthritis) or musculoskeletal injuries (ACL reconstruction, total knee arthroplasty, knee arthroscopy). One hundred seventy-one articles were screened, and 17 articles reviewed.
Results: BFR, in conjunction with low-load resistance training yields superior strength gains when compared to lowload training alone (p<.05). The outcome measures show a higher 1-rep max (isotonic strength) and greater muscle size (cross-sectional area, muscle mass, muscle volume) (p<.05). However, BFR with low-load resistance training does not yield superior strength gains in comparison to high-load resistance training alone (p<.03).
Conclusion: As healthcare providers treating patients with musculoskeletal conditions, we know the importance of resistance training as a tool for rehabilitation and activities of daily living. However, at times heavy resistance training is contraindicated either due to joint instability/degeneration, pain, surgical restrictions. BFR training can be implemented with a 10-30% 1-rep max for comparable strength gains. This can be a potential tool used to offset post-surgical atrophy and atrophy due to arthralgia seen in certain systemic conditions. This can translate to better functional outcomes in post-surgical patients and superior quality of life in the geriatric population.
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Keywords
Blood flow restriction training, occlusion training, BFR training, venous occlusion, low load resistance training, resistance training, rehabilitation
Citation
Serrano B, Serrano J.. The Efficacy And Validity Of Blood Flow Restriction Training In Clinical And Post-Surgical Populations. International Journal of Physiotherapy. 2019 Oct; 6(5): 155-159