Single-dose Intravenous Ondansetron in Children with Gastroenteritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Date
2019-06
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Indian Academy of Pediatrics
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of ondansetron for thetreatment of vomiting and thus reducing the need for intravenous(IV) rehydration in children with gastroenteritis.Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.Setting: Pediatric ward of An Giang General Hospital, SouthVietnam, between December 2013 and June 2014.Participants: 61 inpatient children (age 11-60 mo) suffering fromgastroenteritis with vomiting. Exclusion criteria were: underlyingchronic conditions, immunodeficiency, malnutrition or history ofallergy to ondansetron.Intervention: Single bolus of IV ondansetron at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg or placebo.Outcome measures: Proportion of patients who needed IVrehydration, proportion of patients with cessation of vomiting,amount of oral rehydration solution intake, duration of diarrheaand the length of hospital stay.Results: After drug administration, 22 (73%) of the 30 patients inthe ondansetron group had complete cessation of vomitingcompared with 7 (23%) of the 31 patients in the placebo group(RR 0.32; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.63, P<0.001). 3 (10%) patients inthe ondansetron group required IV rehydration as comparedwith 12 (39%) in the placebo group (RR 0.51; 95% CI 0.33 to0.79, P=0.009). The median amount of oral rehydration solutionintake in 24 hours was significantly greater in the ondansetrongroup (450 mL vs 350 mL, P=0.019).The duration of diarrheaand the length of hospital stay were not different between the twogroups.Conclusion: In hospitalized children having gastro-enteritisassociated with emesis, ondansetron is effective in the cessationof episodes of vomiting and in lowering the rates of IV rehydration,without reducing the duration of diarrhea and hospital stay
Description
Keywords
Acutediarrhea, Antiemetics, Therapy, Vomiting
Citation
Nguyen Ngoc Rang, Ton Quang Chanh, Pham The My, Truong Thi My Tien. Single-dose Intravenous Ondansetron in Children with Gastroenteritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial . Indian Pediatrics. 2019 Jun; 56(6): 468-471