Spectrum of Eye Disease in Diabetes (SPEED) in India: A prospective facility-based study. Report # 4. Glaucoma in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Loading...
Date
2020-02
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
All India Ophthalmological Society
Abstract
Purpose: To estimate the proportion of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and glaucoma in a facility-based cross-sectional observational study in India. Methods: All people received a comprehensive eye examination. Glaucoma-specific examinations included applanation tonometry, optic disc and cup evaluation, and stereo biomicroscopy in all people; gonioscopy and visual field testing in glaucoma suspects. The International Society of Geographic and Epidemiologic Ophthalmology guidelines were used to diagnose and classify glaucoma. Results: The study recruited 11,182 people (average age: 58.2 ± 10.6; range 39–96 years). Glaucoma was diagnosed in 4.9% (n = 547) people. About 76.8% (n = 420) of those with glaucoma had bilateral disease, and 98.7% (n = 540) were >40 years. Among people with bilateral disease, 94.5% (n = 397) had primary glaucoma – open angle in 59.3% (n = 228) and angle closure in 40.2% (n = 169). Diabetes duration was ?10 years in 71.5% (n = 300) people. On linear regression, the following were associated with glaucoma: advancing age [compared with <40 years age group; odds ratio [OR] in 50-60 year age group: 1.36 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.8], P < 0.035); >60 years age group (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.57–2.67; P < 0.001), and diabetic neuropathy (OR: 2.62, 95% CI: 1.35–5.10, P < 0.003). Glycemic control did not have significant association (P = 0.425). Conclusion: Presence of glaucoma in people with T2DM in this cohort was similar to the general population prevalence studies in India. Glaucoma was invariably bilateral. A comprehensive eye examination in people age 40 years and older with diabetes and/or glaucoma is beneficial.
Description
Keywords
Diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma
Citation
Behera UC, Bhattacharjee H, Das T, Gilbert C, Murthy GV, Rajalakshmi R, Pant HB. Spectrum of Eye Disease in Diabetes (SPEED) in India: A prospective facility-based study. Report # 4. Glaucoma in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2020 Feb; 68(13): 32-36