Otomandibular Ligaments: Anatomical Exploration and Clinical Application in Humans.
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Date
2017-01
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Abstract
Ligamentous structures connecting the middle ear and temporomandibular
ligament (TMJ) are called as Otomandibular ligaments (OML). Most of the
anatomists believed that OML has two parts: malleomandibular ligament
(MML) and Discomallear ligament (DML). Both of these ligaments pass
through the bony fissure which runs from TMJ to the tympanic cavity, called
as Petrotympanic fissure (PTF). Anatomical connection between TMJ and
middle ear persists mainly due to continuation of common Meckel’s
structure through petro tympanic fissure (PTF). Embryological origin of the
MML and DML is debatable but basically, they originates from the first arch.
Though they do not play important role in primary movement of TMJ, joint
dislocation, anterior disc displacement and hypermobility could happen due
to stretching of the DML. MML provides the mechanical support to the head
of malleus and forms a movable unit, which acts as suspensory structure for
the ossicular chain. Therefore, structural alteration in the MML may plays an
important role in affecting middle ear function. The disruption of MML
during chronic infection or surgical release of malleus head fixation may
affects middle ear sound transmission and results in conductive hearing
loss. Shortening of DML by laser coagulation which permits its tightening
has been suggested for the treatment of the anterior displacement of the
disc. This shortening technique reduces the articular movement range, due
to which it was also indicated in the treatment of recurrent
temporomandibular dislocations.
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Keywords
Temporomandibular joint, embryology, joint dislocation, temporomandibular joint disc, Otomandibular Ligament
Citation
Khanal Laxman, Yadav Prabhakar, Shah Sandip, Koirala Sarun. Otomandibular Ligaments: Anatomical Exploration and Clinical Application in Humans. Academia Anatomica International. 2017 Jan-June; 3(1): 14-19.