Pattern of Transfusion Transmitted Infections in Blood Donors around Bhopal - A 5 years Retrospective Study.
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Date
2016-11
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Abstract
Background: Blood transfusion has become an essential part of treatment in number of medical or surgical emergencies.
It is also true that blood transfusion is an important mode of transmission of infection to recipients. Present study was
planned to know the seroprevalence and pattern of such infections among voluntary as well as replacement donors in this
area. Culture and molecular techniques have demonstrated that it is associated with increased prevalence of bacteria. This
study was conducted to determine the sero-prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) among the blood donors
at Chirayu medical college and Hospital, Bhopal over a period of 5 years. All blood units received from replacement as well
as voluntary blood donations at Blood Bank, Chirayu medical college and associated Hospital, Bhopal during the period
from February 2011 to January 2016 were selected for the study. Methods: A 5 year retrospective study was conducted at
the blood bank of Chirayu medical college Bhopal Madhya Pradesh. All data were collected from blood bank records
maintained as per Drugs and Cosmetic Act of India and included records of 4208 voluntary and 10852 replacement donors
from February 2011 to January 2016. Screening of blood units was done by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA)
method for HIV, malaria and hepatitis B and C. Fourth generation ELISA kits were used for HIV testing while Syphilis was
tested by latex agglutination assay. Any sample found reactive was retested for confirmation and seropositive units were
discarded. Results: Overall TTIs incidence in voluntary donors and replacement donors was found to be 1.568% (66/4208)
and 5.215% (566/10852)respectively. Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Malaria was found to be 0.071%
(3/4208), 0.712% (30/4208), 0.119% (5/4208), 0.665% (28/4208) and 0.00% in voluntary blood donors as against the
figures of 0.166% (18/10852), 2.681% (291/10852), 0.82% (89/10852), 1.548% (168/10852) and 0.00% of replacement
blood donors respectively. It is clear from this data that the seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis is higher in
replacement blood donors as compared to voluntary blood donors. The highest seroprevalence of TTI was found to be in
the age group of 18-30 years. Conclusion: Prevalence of TTI is less in voluntary blood donors as compared to
replacement donors. Hence, efforts should be made to increase the number of voluntary donors and reduce replacement
donations to a minimum. A strict selection of all donors and proper testing of a donor’s blood by using standard methods is
highly recommended to ensure safety for the recipient.
Description
Keywords
Transfusion transmitted infections, Seroprevalence
Citation
Chaurasia Rajesh Kumar, Puja, Kumar Anshul, Singh Pawan. Pattern of Transfusion Transmitted Infections in Blood Donors around Bhopal - A 5 years Retrospective Study. Annals of International Medical and Dental Research. 2016 Nov-Dec; 2(6): 12-15.