Emerging enteric fever due to switching biotype of Salmonella (paratyphi A) in Eastern Odisha.
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Date
2016-07
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Abstract
Background: Typhoid fever is classically caused by Salmonella enterica
serotype typhi.Recently the frequency of isolation of S. paratyphi A (SPA)
has been increased in comparison to S. typhi in Indian scenario. Aim: To
observe the rate of isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of SPA from
suspected enteric fever cases attending tertiary care centres of Eastern Orissa.
Settings and Design: Retrospective study Materials and Methods: 1488
blood samples were collected during different duration of fever and cultured
in BACTEC blood culture system and bottles showing signal for growth were
subcultured and identified as Salmonella spp. by standard procedure and
mini API (Biomeriux) and antimicrobial susceptibility by disc diffusion method.
Statistical Analysis: Chi square test. Results: 167 Salmonella spp. were
isolated including 83.8% Salmonella paratyphi A and 16.6% S. typhi. Among
them 102 were males and 65 were females with mean age of 22.7 yrs. S.
paratyphi A was the predominant spp. each year but during 2008 – 2011,
there was a dramatic rise (significant P value‑ 0.034). Multidrug resistance
was noticed in 10.2% of the isolates. 98% of S. paratyphi A were resistant to
nalidixic acid and 41% to ciprofloxacin, but the MIC of ciprofloxacin was raised
between 1‑2 μgm/dl showing the relation between nalidixic acid resistance and
raised MIC of ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Nalidixic acid should be tested along
with ciprofloxacin disc while testing for susceptibility and MIC of ciprofloxacin is
mandatory before advocating therapy to prevent treatment failure.
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Keywords
Enteric fever, Salmonella paratyphi A, susceptibility
Citation
Mahapatra Ashoka, Patro Somi, Choudhury Snigdharani, Padhee Ambareesh, Das Rekha. Emerging enteric fever due to switching biotype of Salmonella (paratyphi A) in Eastern Odisha. Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology. 2016 July-Sept 59(3): 327-329.