Effect of electron‑beam irradiation on antimicrobial, antibiofilm activity, and cytotoxicity of mouth rinses.
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Date
2016-03
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Abstract
Background: Oral health diseases are common in all regions of the world. Mouth rinses are widely
used generally by population as a port of daily oral care regimen. In addition to antimicrobial
activity, mouth rinses possess certain cytotoxic effects. Electron‑beam (E‑beam) radiation
is a form of ionizing energy known to induce structural, physical, and chemical changes in
irradiated products. In this study, the modulatory effects of E‑beam in irradiated mouth rinses
were evaluated for its biological activities.
Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial activities of nonirradiated and irradiated mouth
rinses were evaluated for its antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against oral pathogens,
Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans.
The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method and antibiofilm activity was
evaluated by O’Toole method. The cytotoxicity was evaluated against human gingival fibroblast
(HGF) cells by 3‑(4, 5 Dimethythiazol‑yl)‑2,5‑Diphenyl‑tetrazolium bromide assay.
Results: Colgate Plax (CP) exhibited the antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens, and
a significant (P < 0.05) increase was observed against S. aureus at 750 Gy irradiation. Further,
CP significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed S. mutans, S. aureus, and C. albicans biofilm. Listerine
(LS) inhibited S. mutans and C. albicans biofilm. Whereas irradiated CP and LS significantly
(P < 0.05) suppressed the biofilm formed by oral pathogens. The suppression of biofilm by
irradiated mouth rinses was dose‑ and species‑dependent. There was no significant (P > 0.05)
difference in the cytotoxicity of irradiated and nonirradiated mouth rinses on HGF cells. However,
an increased percentage viability of HGF cells was observed by mouth rinses irradiated at 750 Gy.
Conclusion: The E‑beam irradiation enhanced the antibiofilm activity of mouth rinses without
modifying the cytotoxicity.
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Keywords
Antibiofilm activity, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, electron‑beam irradiation, mouth rinses
Citation
Geethashri A, Kumar B Mohana, Palaksha K J, Sridhar K R, Sanjeev Ganesh, Shetty A Veena. Effect of electron‑beam irradiation on antimicrobial, antibiofilm activity, and cytotoxicity of mouth rinses. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2016 Mar-Apr; 27(2): 145-150.