A new approach to exfoliative cytology: A comparative cytomorphometric study.
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Date
2016-01
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Abstract
CONTEXT: Early detection of oral premalignancy and malignancy using simple screening aids play a promising role in curbing the disease.
AIM: The primary aim of this study is to evaluate and the secondary aim of this study is to compare the cytomorphometry and cellular atypia in
keratinocytes obtained from oral rinse and conventional exfoliative cytology in normal oral mucosa and clinically diagnosed oral leukoplakia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised of 55 clinically diagnosed cases of leukoplakia and 55 age and sex matched normal controls.
Smears were prepared using oral rinse technique followed by the conventional exfoliative cytology. Papanicoloau stained smears were evaluated
for atypia and subjected to image analysis. Based on the presence of atypia they were further divided into three groups (Group 1‑cases with
atypia, Group 2‑without atypia and Group 3‑normal controls) and analyzed. Statistical analysis used one‑way analysis of variance followed by
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference test for intergroup analysis and unpaired students t‑test to compare the two methods. RESULTS: Smears
prepared with both methods demonstrated atypia in 18 cases. The cellular diameter and cellular area (CA) were progressively increased from
Group 1 through Groups 2 and 3 in both the smears. Nuclear diameter and nuclear area and nuclear cytoplasmic ratio progressively decreased from
Group 1 through Groups 2 and 3. Both the methods showed no significant differences among the cellular parameters except in normal controls.
CONCLUSION: Cytomorphometric analysis of keratinocytes obtained with oral rinse method and wooden spatula can serve as a useful screening
aid to detect oral leukoplakia. Oral rinse method being more convenient results in smears of better quality.
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Keywords
Cytomorphometry, exfoliative cytology, oral leukoplakia, oral rinse
Citation
Shaila M, Shetty P, Pai P. A new approach to exfoliative cytology: A comparative cytomorphometric study. Indian Journal of Cancer. 2016 Jan-Mar; 53(1): 193-198.