The changing face of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
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Date
2016-07
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Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important cause of infection, both in hospitalised patients
with significant healthcare exposure and in patients without healthcare risk factors. Community-acquired methicillinresistant
S. aureus (CA-MRSA) are known for their rapid community transmission and propensity to cause aggressive
skin and soft tissue infections and community-acquired pneumonia. The distinction between the healthcare-associated
(HA)-MRSA and CA-MRSA is gradually fading owing to the acquisition of multiple virulence factors and genetic
elements. The movement of CA-MRSA strains into the nosocomial setting limits the utility of using clinical risk factors
alone to designate community or HA status. Identification of unique genetic characteristics and genotyping are valuable
tools for MRSA epidemiological studies. Although the optimum pharmacotherapy for CA-MRSA infections has not
been determined, many CA-MRSA strains remain broadly susceptible to several non-β-lactam antibacterial agents. This
review aimed at illuminating the characteristic features of CA-MRSA, virulence factors, changing clinical settings and
molecular epidemiology, insurgence into the hospital settings and therapy with drug resistance.
Description
Keywords
Changing trend, community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, molecular epidemiology, nosocomial
Citation
Kale P, Dhawan B. The changing face of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2016 July-Sept; 34(3): 275-285.