Immunohistochemical expression of Bcl‑2 in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Date
2015-10
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The B cell lymphoma‑2 gene is a proto‑oncogene whose protein product inhibits apoptosis. Its role is associated with keeping
cells alive, but not by stimulating them to proliferation, as other proto‑oncogenes do. Increased expression of protein product of Bcl‑2 gene
appears in the early phase of carcinogenesis leading to apoptosis impairment and in consequence to the progression of neoplastic changes.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the expression of Bcl‑2 protein in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty cases of formalin‑fixed paraffin‑embedded archival specimens comprising of 30 cases of leukoplakia with oral
epithelial dysplasia and 30 cases of OSCC were taken for immunohistochemical analysis using monoclonal antibody against anti‑human Bcl‑2
oncoprotein. RESULTS: Immunostaining for Bcl‑2 protein was identified in basal and parabasal layers as granular cytoplasmic staining in oral
epithelial dysplasia. In OSCC, Bcl‑2 immunoreactivity was most prominent in the peripheral cells of the infiltrating tumor islands which diminished
toward the center in well‑differentiated and moderately differentiated OSCC, whereas stronger and more diffuse expression of Bcl‑2 oncoprotein
was seen in poorly differentiated OSCC. Overall positivity of 26.7% (8/30) was observed in oral epithelial dysplasia and 30% (9/30) in OSCC in this
study. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: Altered expression of Bcl‑2 oncoprotein may be an early molecular event which leads to prolonged
cell survival, increased chances of accumulation of genetic alterations, and subsequent increase in malignant transformation potential.
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Keywords
Bcl‑2, immunohistochemistry, oral epithelial dysplasia, oral squamous cell carcinoma
Citation
Juneja S, Chaitanya N Babu, Agarwal M. Immunohistochemical expression of Bcl‑2 in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Indian Journal of Cancer. 2015 Oct-Dec; 52(4): 505-510.