The role of Ki‑67, p16, CD34, Bcl‑2, cyclooxygenase‑2 in the pathogenesis of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia.
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Date
2015-10
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Abstract
CONTEXT: Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is a highly persistent and aggressive oral pre‑malignant lesion with an obscure etiopathogenesis
and a malignant transformation rate of 85‑100%. AIMS: The aim of the present study is to assess the role of Ki‑67, p16, CD34, Bcl‑2,
cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) in the spectrum of PVL to ascertain their role in its etiopathogenesis. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A retrospective chart analysis
was carried out on a series of seven confirmed cases of PVL, which were followed‑up for 2 years. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical
appraisal of these cases was carried out by a panel of markers, related to cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and
inflammation. The expression of these markers was correlated with patients’ clinicopathological profile. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The
frequency distribution of the group data was analyzed. RESULTS: The latest labeling index of Ki‑67 in our cases ranged from 8.18 to 12.6.
p16 was positive in 3/7 cases. Bcl‑2 expression was moderately positive in 2/7 cases. All cases were intensely positive for COX‑2 staining.
Microvascular density assessed by CD34 staining ranged from 11 to 20/high power fields. One case which transformed into squamous cell
carcinoma demonstrated increased Ki‑67, Bcl‑2, COX‑2, CD34 expression, but negative p16 and Bcl‑2 expression. CONCLUSIONS: Application
of these markers in understanding the behavior of PVL suggests that an imbalance between the proliferation apoptosis dynamics of the lesion
accompanied by an increase in inflammation and angiogenesis underlie the molecular pathogenesis of the PVL spectrum.
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Keywords
Bcl‑2, cyclooxygenase‑2, immunohistochemistry, Ki‑67, p16, proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
Citation
Thennavan A, Byatnal A A, Solomon M C, Radhakrishnan R A. The role of Ki‑67, p16, CD34, Bcl‑2, cyclooxygenase‑2 in the pathogenesis of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. Indian Journal of Cancer. 2015 Oct-Dec; 52(4): 498-502.