A Rare Case with Absent Second Rib, Bifid Costal Cartilages and Bifid Xiphoid Process.
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Date
2015-07
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Abstract
Thoracic cage is made up of twelve thoracic vertebrae, twelve pairs of ribs and costal cartilages (CC) and a
sternum. Ribs articulate anteriorly with sternum through CC which are flattened bars of hyaline cartilage
considered as unossified anterior part of embryonic cartilaginous ribs. Numerical and structural variations of
ribs are well documented. In the present study, we observed both structural and numerical variations of
thoracic cage, bilaterally. On both the sides, eleven pair of ribs were present, instead of seven, six true ribs were
found and second rib with CC was absent. Second and third CC and third CC of right and third CC of left side were
bifid. Cartilaginous bridges were present between various CC on both sides. In the midline xiphoid process was
found to be bifid. These variations are of immense help to the physicians, surgeons and radiologists.
Description
Keywords
Costal cartilage, Ribs, Absent rib, Xiphoid process, Bifid, Cartilaginous Bridges, Sternum
Citation
Kaur Dalbir, Jain Monica,Shukla Lovesh. A Rare Case with Absent Second Rib, Bifid Costal Cartilages and Bifid Xiphoid Process. International Journal of Anatomy and Research. 2015 Jul-Sep; 3(3): 1392-1394.